शब्दार्थ:
विश्वम्

अर्थ:
संपूर्ण जग व्यापणारा.

विवेचन:
सर्व विश्वामध्ये एकसारखा व्यापलेला परमात्मा. प्रत्येक जीवजंतू, अणू अणूत ज्याचे अस्तित्व असते. निर्गुण आणि सगुण दोन्ही रूपांनी प्रकटणारा. जगाच्या रक्षणासाठी स्वतःचे विविध अवतार धारण करणारा.

Meaning:
Vishvam (विश्वम्) - The Universe Itself
From Sanskrit root *vish* (to pervade) + suffix *am* (essence/totality); "The Universe Itself" or "The All-Pervading Totality" — He is not merely the creator of the universe but is the universe itself in its entirety.

Simple Meaning:
The One who is everything; the entire universe

Mythology / Philosophy:
This name teaches us that God is not separate from the world - He is present in everything around us. When we understand this, we start seeing the divine in all people and things, which helps us become more loving and less selfish.

Spiritual Message:
In the ancient Purusha Sukta (Rig Veda 10.90), Vishnu appears as the cosmic being whose body becomes the universe - the moon comes from His mind, the sun from His eyes, and the wind from His breath. The Vishnu Purana (Book 1) tells us that after the universe dissolves, Vishnu pervades everything and brings it back to life.

शब्दार्थ:
विष्णुः

अर्थ:
सर्वत्र सामावलेला.

विवेचन:
संपूर्ण विश्वच ज्याचे रूप आहे.आकाश, पृथ्वी, दिशा, काल—सगळे जणू त्याचेच विस्तार.निर्मितीपासून संहारापर्यंत सगळ्या प्रक्रियांचे मूळ. भौतिक आणि आध्यात्मिक दोन्ही विश्वांचा आधार.

Meaning:
Vishnu (विष्णु) - The All-Pervader
From *vish* (to enter, to pervade) + suffix *nu*; "The All-Pervader" — He Who enters and permeates every atom of existence, leaving no space untouched by His presence.

Simple Meaning:
The One who enters and fills everything

Mythology / Philosophy:
This name reminds us that God lives within our own hearts. In devotion (bhakti), this helps us feel close to God and guides us to make good choices by listening to the divine voice within.

Spiritual Message:
The Vishnu Purana (Book 1, Chapter 2) explains that Maha-Vishnu enters the lifeless creation and gives it energy. In the Matsya Purana, we see Vishnu take the form of a fish to save Manu and the sacred Vedas from a great flood, protecting all life.

शब्दार्थ:
वषट्कारः

अर्थ:
ज्याच्यासाठी यज्ञात आहुती दिली जाते.

विवेचन:
यज्ञस्वरूप ईश्वर. ‘वषट्’ या मंत्रध्वनीद्वारे ज्याला अर्पण केले जाते तो अधिष्ठाता. यज्ञातील प्रत्येक आहुतीचा स्वीकारकर्ता आणि फलदाता. कर्माला पवित्रता व पूर्णता देणारे दैवी तत्त्व.

Meaning:
Vashatkara (वषट्कार) - The Lord of Sacrifices
From *vashat* (a sacred exclamation used in Vedic rituals) + *kaara* (maker/cause); "He For Whom the Vashat Call Is Made" or "He Who Controls All Through His Divine Will" — the one toward whom all ritual invocations are ultimately directed.

Simple Meaning:
The One who receives all offerings in sacred rituals

Mythology / Philosophy:
This teaches us that when we do any work without expecting rewards, it becomes an offering to God. This purifies our intentions and helps us align our actions with what's right.

Spiritual Message:
In the Taittiriya Samhita (Yajur Veda 1.1), the word "vashat" marks the moment when an offering is complete, with Vishnu as the one who receives it. The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 3) shows Vishnu receiving the gods' offerings during creation, including when He appeared as Varaha (the boar) to rescue the Earth.

शब्दार्थ:
भूतभव्यभवत्प्रभुः

अर्थ:
भूत, भविष्य आणि वर्तमानाचा स्वामी.

विवेचन:
भूतकाळ, वर्तमान आणि भविष्यात समान असणारा.तीन्ही काळांचा नियंता आणि निरीक्षक.भूतभविष्यकाळातील सर्वांवर एकसारखे प्रभुत्व.काळापलीकडे स्वतंत्रपणे अस्तित्वात असलेला.

Meaning:
Bhutabhavyabhavatprabhu (भूतभव्यभवत्प्रभु) - Lord of Past, Present, and Future
From *bhoota* (past) + *bhavya* (future) + *bhavat* (present) + *prabhuh* (lord/master); "The Lord of Past, Present, and Future" — He transcends time entirely while simultaneously ruling over all three dimensions of it.

Simple Meaning:
The ruler of all time - what was, what is, and what will be

Mythology / Philosophy:
Understanding that God is beyond time helps us stay calm during life's ups and downs. It teaches us not to dwell on regrets or worry too much about the future, but to act with purpose in the present.

Spiritual Message:
The Mahabharata (Shanti Parva 339) describes Vishnu as the eternal lord who oversees all ages - from the pure Satya Yuga to the difficult Kali Yuga. In the Vishnu Purana (Book 1), Vishnu recovers the stolen Vedas as Hayagriva, ensuring that sacred knowledge continues across all time.

शब्दार्थ:
भूतकृत्

अर्थ:
सर्व प्राण्यांचा निर्माता.

विवेचन:
सर्व भूतांची (जीवांची) निर्मिती करणारा.जीवांच्या जन्माची, पिंडाची मांडणी करणारी दिव्य बुद्धी.सृष्टीतील विविध रूपांचा निर्माता.जड चेतन सर्वांची कारणमीमांसा ज्याच्यापाशी आहे.

Meaning:
Bhutakrit (भूतकृत्) - The Creator of Beings
From *bhoota* (all beings/elements) + *krit* (creator/maker); "The Creator of All Beings and Elements" — the original cause from which all living and non-living things emerge.

Simple Meaning:
The One who makes all living things

Mythology / Philosophy:
This name reminds us to respect nature and all creatures. It also teaches us that when we create anything - art, work, or relationships - we're partnering with the divine creative force.

Spiritual Message:
According to the Vishnu Purana (Book 1, Chapter 4), Vishnu creates the five great elements and fills the worlds after Brahma's initial conception. The Varaha Purana tells how Vishnu appeared as a great boar, lifted the Earth, and from it came plants, animals, and humans.

शब्दार्थ:
भूतभृत्

अर्थ:
सर्व जीवांचे पोषण करणारा.

विवेचन:
निर्मित जीवांचे पालन करणारा.अन्न, वायू, जल, विचार—सर्वांचा पुरवठा करणारी शक्ती.प्रत्येक जीवाला जगण्याची क्षमता देणारा.पालनकर्तृत्वात करुणा, सामर्थ्य आणि समता.

Meaning:
. Bhutabhrit (भूतभृत्) - The Sustainer of All
From *bhoota* + *bhrit* (sustainer/bearer); "He Who Sustains and Nourishes All Beings" — having created, He does not abandon creation but continuously upholds it.

Simple Meaning:
The One who nourishes and supports all beings

Mythology / Philosophy:
This teaches us gratitude - recognizing that everything we have comes from God's grace. It also reminds us to care for others, as God cares for us.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 3, Chapter 26) shows Vishnu as the universal sustainer, like the roots of a cosmic tree providing life energy to all. This is seen in the Kurma avatar story (Canto 8), where Vishnu becomes a tortoise to support the churning mountain, providing nectar (amrita) to both gods and demons.

शब्दार्थ:
भावः

अर्थ:
जो स्वतःच अस्तित्वात आहे.

विवेचन:
अस्तित्वाचा मूलाधार; जो कधीही नाहीसा होत नाही.सृष्टी असो किंवा नसो—तो सदैव विद्यमान.चैतन्यस्वरूप, अनादी आणि अनंत.भक्तांच्या हृदयात भावरूपाने प्रकटणारा.

Meaning:
Bhavah (भवः) - The Source of Existence
From *bhu* (to be, to exist); "Pure Existence Itself" or "He Who Simply Is" — existence without beginning, without cause, without dependence on anything else.

Simple Meaning:
The One from whom everything comes into being

Mythology / Philosophy:
This helps us accept that life is always changing. By recognizing God as the unchanging source, we can handle life's impermanence without suffering too much from attachment.

Spiritual Message:
The Rig Veda (10.129, Nasadiya Sukta) speaks of "Bhavah" as the first impulse from which creation began. The Padma Purana tells how Vishnu's breath creates Brahma from a lotus growing from His navel, starting the process of creation.

शब्दार्थ:
भूतात्मा

अर्थ:
सर्व जीवांचा अंतरात्मा.

विवेचन:
सर्व भूतांमध्ये "आत्मा" म्हणून वास करणारा.प्रत्येक जीवाच्या अंतःकरणात दिव्य प्रकाश बनून असणारा.आणि म्हणूनच सर्वांच्या अनुभवांची कारणीभूत चेतना.सर्व जीवनरूपांचा समान आधार.

Meaning:
Bhutatma (भूतात्मा) - The Inner Self of All
From *bhoota* (all beings) + *atma* (soul/self); "The Soul of All Beings" — the indwelling self present at the core of every creature in creation.

Simple Meaning:
The soul that lives inside every being

Mythology / Philosophy:
This is one of the most important spiritual truths - that the same divine self lives in everyone. Understanding this helps us treat all people with respect and compassion, and helps us look within during meditation.

Spiritual Message:
The Chandogya Upanishad (6.8.7) teaches that Vishnu is the inner self in all forms. In the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 2), we see how Vishnu appears from within Prahlada's heart (as Narasimha from a pillar), showing that God lives inside us, not just in temples.

शब्दार्थ:
भूतभावनः

अर्थ:
सर्व जीवांची उत्पत्ती आणि वृद्धी करणारा.

विवेचन:
त्यांच्या पालन-वृद्धीचा अधिपती. सृष्टीतील प्रत्येक प्राणिमात्राला जीवनशक्ती देणारा. जन्म, पोषण आणि विकास यामागील दैवी प्रेरणा. सर्व भूतांच्या कल्याणाचा करुणामय आधार.

Meaning:
Bhutabhavanah (भूतभावनः) - The Originator and Protector
From *bhoota* + *bhaavana* (one who causes to grow, nourisher); "He Who Causes All Beings to Grow and Flourish" — the divine energy behind all growth, development, and evolution.

Simple Meaning:
The One who creates and then protects what He has created

Mythology / Philosophy:
This shows God's complete care - He doesn't just create us and leave us alone. This encourages us to trust in divine protection when we live according to dharma (righteous living).

Spiritual Message:
The Vishnu Purana (Book 2) describes how Vishnu helps beings evolve through different ages. The Vamana Purana tells the famous story of Vamana (the dwarf), where Vishnu takes three giant steps to measure the universe, creating new cosmic boundaries while protecting both the demon Bali's family and the gods.

शब्दार्थ:
पूतात्मा

अर्थ:
अत्यंत शुद्ध स्वरूप असलेला.

विवेचन:
अत्यंत पवित्र, दोषरहित, निर्मळ आत्मा.माया, राग, द्वेष कोणत्याही बंधनात न अडकणारा.शुद्धतेचा सर्वोच्च प्रतीक.ज्याच्या स्मरणानेही मन शुद्ध होते.

Meaning:
Putatma (पुतात्म) - The Pure Essence
From *poota* (purified, cleansed) + *atma* (self); "He Whose Self Is Absolutely Pure" — untouched by any impurity of body, mind, or action, His nature is pristine purity itself.

Simple Meaning:
The One whose nature is completely pure

Mythology / Philosophy:
This inspires us to purify ourselves - our thoughts, words, and actions. It teaches that true spiritual progress comes from cleaning our minds of negative impressions and desires.

Spiritual Message:
Adi Shankaracharya explains that Vishnu is beyond all qualities (as described in Bhagavad Gita 14.5–18). The Skanda Purana tells how Vishnu appeared as a pure flame in a cosmic fire ritual, purifying the gods' tainted offerings and saving the universe from destruction.

शब्दार्थ:
परमात्मा

अर्थ:
सर्वश्रेष्ठ आत्मा.

विवेचन:
सर्व आत्म्यांचा सर्वोच्च अधिष्ठाता.जीवात्म्याला दिशा देणारा परम प्रकाश.प्रत्येक आत्म्याचा मूळ स्रोत आणि अंतिम ध्येय.भक्तांच्या अंतःकरणातील परम शांती.

Meaning:
Paramatma (परमात्मा) - The Supreme Soul
From *parama* (supreme, highest) + *atma* (self/soul); "The Supreme Self" — the ultimate reality that underlies and transcends all individual selves, the Absolute beyond all limitation.

Simple Meaning:
The highest soul that lives in all beings

Mythology / Philosophy:
This is central to understanding our true nature. When we meditate on the Paramatma, we learn to see the eternal, unchanging self beyond our temporary body and emotions. This helps us make wise, ethical choices.

Spiritual Message:
The Chandogya Upanishad (8.7.1) describes Paramatma as the inner guide of all actions. In the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 2, Chapter 9), sage Narada sees Vishnu as the Paramatma in every heart. During the Kurma (tortoise) avatar, Vishnu's form holds up the churning mountain, showing how the Supreme Soul stabilizes all opposing forces.

शब्दार्थ:
मुक्तानां परमा गतिः

अर्थ:
मुक्तांना प्राप्त होणारे अंतिम स्थान.

विवेचन:
मोक्षप्राप्त जीवांची अंतिम अवस्था, त्यांचे अंतिम धाम.ज्याच्याकडे मिळाल्यावर सर्व बंधने संपतात.जन्म मरणाच्या चक्रातून मुक्त करणारा आश्रय.परंपूर्ती, नित्य शांती आणि आनंदाचे स्वरूप.

Meaning:
Muktānāṃ paramā gatiḥ - The Supreme Goal of the Liberated
From *mukta* (liberated ones) + *parama* (supreme) + *gati* (destination/refuge); "The Supreme Destination of All Liberated Souls" — the final resting place into which all who attain liberation ultimately merge.

Simple Meaning:
The final destination where freed souls go

Mythology / Philosophy:
This gives us hope and direction - there is a ultimate goal beyond worldly suffering. It encourages us to serve others selflessly as a path to this eternal peace.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 7, Chapter 10) tells how Prahlada, after Narasimha defeated his evil father, reached Vaikuntha (Vishnu's eternal realm), never to be reborn. The Vishnu Purana (Book 6) describes how at the end of cosmic cycles, all liberated souls merge into Vishnu's form.

शब्दार्थ:
अव्ययः

अर्थ:
ज्याचा कधीही विनाश होत नाही.

विवेचन:
जो कधीही कमी होत नाही, नष्ट होत नाही.काळ, परिस्थिती, प्रकृती कुठल्याही गोष्टीचा परिणाम त्याच्यावर होत नाही.नित्य, शुद्ध, परिपूर्ण.अखंड अस्तित्वाचा खरा अर्थ.

Meaning:
Avyayaḥ (अव्ययः) - The Imperishable
From *a* (not) + *vyaya* (expenditure, decay, loss); "The Inexhaustible, Imperishable One" — unlike all things in creation that diminish and decay, He never decreases or perishes.

Simple Meaning:
The One who never decays or diminishes

Mythology / Philosophy:
While everything in the world eventually breaks down or ends, God remains eternal. This teaches us to base our actions on eternal principles rather than temporary gains, giving us strength during difficult times.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (2.17) declares that the soul (atman) is imperishable, and Krishna embodies this quality. The Vishnu Purana (Book 1, Chapter 2) shows Vishnu preserving the unmanifest reality during cosmic dissolution. In the Hayagriva legend, He recovers the eternal Vedas from the ocean depths, protecting timeless knowledge.

शब्दार्थ:
पुरुषः

अर्थ:
जो शरीरामध्ये वास करतो.

विवेचन:
सृष्टीच्या मध्यभागी असलेल्या परम पुरुषाचे प्रतीक. चेतना आणि सामर्थ्याचे एकत्रित रूप. पुरुष आणि प्रकृती यातील संतुलनाचा अधिपती. जीवांना जीवन देणारा.

Meaning:
Puruṣaḥ (पुरुषः) - The Cosmic Person
From *puri* (city/body) + *shete* (who dwells); "He Who Dwells in the City of the Body" or "The Primordial Person" — the conscious being who inhabits all forms and is prior to all manifestation.

Simple Meaning:
The universal being who dwells everywhere

Mythology / Philosophy:
This helps us see humanity as one family, all part of the same cosmic being. It creates ethical frameworks where we protect all people because we're all extensions of the same divine Person.

Spiritual Message:
The famous Purusha Sukta (Rig Veda 10.90) describes how Vishnu, as the Purusha, sacrificed Himself to create the universe - from His body came all of society and nature. The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 3) shows this cosmic form reclining, with Brahma emerging from His navel to continue creation.

शब्दार्थ:
साक्षी

अर्थ:
सर्व कर्मांचा प्रत्यक्ष पाहणारा.

विवेचन:
जगातील प्रत्येक क्रिया पाहणारा निरीक्षक. कर्म, भाव, विचार—सगळ्याचा साक्षीदार. न्याय करण्यासाठी सर्वांत योग्य स्थानावर असणारा. न हिंदोळा, न पक्षपात.

Meaning:
Sākṣī (साक्षी) - The Witness
From *sa* (with) + *aksha* (eye/sense); "The Eternal Witness" — He observes all actions, thoughts, and events across all time and space without interference, the pure witnessing awareness behind all experience.

Simple Meaning:
The One who silently observes all our actions

Mythology / Philosophy:
Knowing that God witnesses everything we do - even our private thoughts - helps us maintain integrity. It also teaches us to observe our own minds without getting caught up in emotions, which is key to meditation and self-improvement.

Spiritual Message:
The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (3.7.23) describes the witness as "the unseen seer within." In the Mahabharata (Shanti Parva 299), Krishna acts as Arjuna's witness during the Bhagavad Gita teaching, observing his moral struggle without interfering - just as Vishnu calmly observed gods and demons fighting during the ocean churning.

शब्दार्थ:
क्षेत्रज्ञः

अर्थ:
शरीर आणि आत्म्याचे ज्ञान असलेला.

विवेचन:
शरीराला “क्षेत्र” म्हटले जाते आणि त्याचा जाणकार म्हणजे क्षेत्रज्ञ. प्रत्येक जीवाच्या शरीरात असलेली सर्वज्ञ चेतना जी सर्व क्रिया पाहते पण गुंतत नाही. कर्माचा निरीक्षक, अनुभवांचा ज्ञानदाता. आपले शरीर नष्ट झाले तरी जो नाश न पावणारा.

Meaning:
Kṣetrajñaḥ (क्षेत्रज्ञः) - The Knower of the Field
From *kshetra* (field, the body) + *jna* (knower); "The Knower of the Field" — He Who knows the body, mind, and all of matter from within, the conscious principle that illumines the material field.

Simple Meaning:
The one who knows the body (field) and is separate from it

Mythology / Philosophy:
This teaches the crucial difference between who we really are (the soul) and what we have (the body and mind). Understanding this helps us not get too attached to physical things or outcomes, leading to inner peace.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (13.1–2) explains Krishna as the ultimate knower of all "fields" (bodies). In the Vishnu Purana (Book 2, Chapter 12), Vishnu as Vamana demonstrates this knowledge when He surveys King Bali's entire kingdom, seeing beyond territorial illusions to the truth.

शब्दार्थ:
अक्षरः

अर्थ:
कधीही नष्ट न होणारा.

विवेचन:
ज्याचा नाश, अपघात किंवा परिवर्तन कधीही होत नाही. तो काळ, मृत्यु किंवा माया यांच्या प्रभावात राहत नाही. नित्य, स्थिर, चिरंतन सत्य. जगातील बदलत्या घटकांच्या मध्ये एकटाच अचल.

Meaning:
Akṣaraḥ (अक्षरः) - The Indestructible
From *a* (not) + *kshara* (that which flows away, perishes); "The Imperishable One" — while all syllables, beings, and things perish, He alone remains immutable and eternal.

Simple Meaning:
The syllable and reality that cannot be destroyed

Mythology / Philosophy:
This connects to mantra practice - chanting "Om" (the indestructible syllable) connects us to Vishnu's eternal stability. It reminds us that our true self can never be harmed, giving us courage in life's battles.

Spiritual Message:
The Mundaka Upanishad (1.1.5) identifies the indestructible (akshara) with ultimate reality. The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 10) shows Krishna's indestructible essence when He defeats the demon Keshi - just as the sacred syllable "Om" survives even when the universe dissolves.

शब्दार्थ:
योगः

अर्थ:
जो योगाद्वारे प्राप्त होतो.

विवेचन:
ज्याच्यात सर्वांचे एकत्व होते आणि सर्व भिन्नता संपते. जोडणारा, एकत्र आणणारा तत्त्व. भक्त आणि भगवंत यांच्यातील संयोगाचं मूळ. साधकाला मोक्षमार्गाशी जोडणारी शक्ती.

Meaning:
Yogaḥ (योगः) - Union/The Supreme Yogi
From *yuj* (to join, to unite); "He Who Is Yoga Itself" — the very principle of union between the individual soul and the Supreme, the means and the goal being identical in Him.

Simple Meaning:
The force that unites; the master of all yoga paths

Mythology / Philosophy:
Yoga means "union" - uniting our scattered energies and ultimately uniting with God. This name reminds us that all paths (knowledge, devotion, action) lead to the same goal when practiced sincerely.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (6.33) presents Krishna as the perfect example of yoga. The Harivamsa Purana tells how Vishnu, as Yoga personified, united the gods in harmonious meditation to prevent cosmic conflict - foreshadowing Krishna's teaching that synthesizes all spiritual paths.

शब्दार्थ:
योगविदां नेता

अर्थ:
योग्यांना मार्गदर्शन करणारा.

विवेचन:
योगाचा खरा अर्थ जाणणाऱ्यांना मार्ग दाखवणारा. ऋषी, संत, योगी यांच्या साधनेला दिशा देणारा. योगमार्गावर येणाऱ्या अडथळ्यांना पार करण्याची बुद्धी देतो. योगसिद्धीचा अधिपती.

Meaning:
Yogavidām netā (योगविदां नेता) - The Guide of Yogis
From *yoga* + *vid* (knower) + *netaa* (leader/guide); "The Guide and Leader of All Who Know Yoga" — the supreme teacher who leads all spiritual practitioners toward their ultimate realization.

Simple Meaning:
The teacher and leader of those who practice yoga

Mythology / Philosophy:
This emphasizes the importance of divine guidance and good teachers in spiritual life. It ensures that spiritual communities pass on authentic, transformative knowledge from teacher to student.

Spiritual Message:
The Yoga Vasistha (1.1) invokes Vishnu as the leader of yogis. In the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 11), Krishna guides his devotee Uddhava with profound yoga teachings (the Uddhava Gita), just as He guided Arjuna on the battlefield with the Bhagavad Gita.

शब्दार्थ:
प्रधानपुरुषेश्वरः

अर्थ:
निसर्ग आणि जीव यांचा स्वामी.

विवेचन:
प्रकृती (प्रधान) आणि पुरुष (आत्मा) या दोघांचाही अधिपती. सृष्टीची भौतिक बाजू आणि चेतन बाजू दोन्ही नियंत्रित करणारा. जगाची उभारणी आणि जीवनचक्राची रचना ज्याच्याकडे आहे. द्वैताच्या पलीकडे उभा असलेला परमेश्वर.

Meaning:
Pradhāna puruṣeśvaraḥ - Lord of Matter and Spirit
From *pradhaana* (primordial matter/prakriti) + *purusha* (the conscious principle) + *ishvara* (lord); "The Lord Over Both Primordial Matter and the Conscious Principle" — the supreme ruler who transcends and governs both the material and the spiritual.

Simple Meaning:
The master of both physical matter (prakriti) and consciousness (purusha)

Mythology / Philosophy:
This teaches balance - we shouldn't reject the material world or get lost in it. We need to engage with the physical while maintaining spiritual awareness, avoiding extremes.

Spiritual Message:
The Vishnu Purana (Book 1, Chapter 2) explains how Vishnu reconciles matter and spirit in creation. During the ocean churning (Bhagavata Purana, Canto 8), Vishnu as the enchantress Mohini manages the material nectar (amrita) and unites gods and demons under spiritual rule.

शब्दार्थ:
नारसिंहवपुः

अर्थ:
नरसिंहाचे शरीर धारण करणारा.

विवेचन:
नरसिंह अवतारधारी अर्धमानव अर्धसिंह अद्भुत रूप. धर्माचे संरक्षण करण्यासाठी भीतीदायक पण न्यायप्रिय स्वरूप. हिरण्यकशिपूचा नाश करून भक्त प्रल्हादाचे रक्षण करणारा. अन्यायावर कठोर आणि भक्तांवर अपार करुणा.

Meaning:
Narasimhavapu (नरसिंहवपु) - The Man-Lion Form
From *nara* (man) + *simha* (lion) + *vapuh* (form/body); "He Whose Form Is That of the Man-Lion" — a direct reference to the Narasimha avatar, the fierce half-man, half-lion form He took to protect His devotee Prahlada.

Simple Meaning:
The One with the form of half-man, half-lion

Mythology / Philosophy:
This unique form shows that divine protection can come in unexpected ways. It teaches us to face fear and injustice with controlled strength - powerful like a lion but guided by human wisdom and compassion.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 7, Chapters 8–10) tells the famous story: The demon king Hiranyakashipu had blessings that made him nearly invincible - he couldn't be killed indoors or outdoors, day or night, by man or animal. When he tortured his own son Prahlada for worshipping Vishnu, the Lord appeared from a pillar at twilight (neither day nor night), as Narasimha (neither man nor animal), and killed him on His lap (neither inside nor outside), using only claws (not weapons).

शब्दार्थ:
श्रीमान्

अर्थ:
लक्ष्मीने युक्त असलेला.

विवेचन:
श्रीसमृद्धीचा अधिपती. ऐश्वर्य सौभाग्य सौंदर्य आणि मंगलत्व ज्याच्यात नित्य वास करते. लक्ष्मीदेवी ज्याच्या वक्षस्थळी विराजमान आहे असे दैवी स्वरूप. भौतिक व आध्यात्मिक संपत्तीचा अखंड स्रोत. भक्तांना समृद्धी आणि कल्याण प्रदान करणारा.

Meaning:
Shriman (श्रीमान्) - The One with Lakshmi
From *shree* (divine glory, beauty, auspiciousness, Lakshmi) + *maan* (possessor); "He Who Possesses All Divine Glory and Auspiciousness" — eternally adorned with the goddess Lakshmi and with all qualities of beauty and splendor.

Simple Meaning:
The possessor of all auspiciousness and prosperity

Mythology / Philosophy:
This shows that God isn't just spiritual - He also blesses us with material wellbeing when earned righteously. It teaches us to pursue wealth ethically, without greed, knowing that true prosperity includes both material and spiritual abundance.

Spiritual Message:
The Vishnu Purana (Book 1, Chapter 9) describes Vishnu with Goddess Lakshmi seated on His chest (marked by the Srivatsa symbol). During the ocean churning, Vishnu appeared in this auspicious form to distribute the nectar of immortality, showing how divine grace brings prosperity even in cosmic struggles.

शब्दार्थ:
केशवः

अर्थ:
केशी दैत्याचा वध करणारा / सुंदर केस असलेला.

विवेचन:
केशांचे रहस्य किंवा कंस/मदु दैत्यांचा संहारक. विष्णूचे अत्यंत मधुर आणि लोकप्रिय नाम. कृष्णाला गोपिकांनी दिलेले प्रेममिश्रित नाव. त्रिगुणांच्या नियंत्रणकर्ता—सत्त्व, रज, तम. दिव्य सौंदर्य आणि सामर्थ्याचा संगम.

Meaning:
Keshavah (केशवः) - The Beautiful-Haired One/Lord of the Trinity
From *ka* (Brahma) + *a* (Vishnu) + *isha* (Shiva) + *va* (dwelling); or from *kesha* (hair/rays of light) + *va*; "He In Whom Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva Dwell" or "He of Beautiful Flowing Locks" — the supreme source from whom the trinity emerges.

Simple Meaning:
Either "one with beautiful hair" or "lord of Brahma (Ka), Shiva (Isha), and Vishnu (Va)"

Mythology / Philosophy:
This name integrates the three main functions of God - creation, preservation, and destruction. It helps us worship in a unified way and reminds us to overcome our inner demons (represented by the Keshi demon).

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 10, Chapter 37) tells how Krishna (as Kesava) defeated the horse-demon Keshi sent by the evil king Kamsa. The name also connects to Vishnu's role as Mohini during the nectar distribution (Vishnu Purana, Book 1), where His beautiful form enchanted the demons.

शब्दार्थ:
पुरुषोत्तमः

अर्थ:
पुरुषांमध्ये श्रेष्ठ.

विवेचन:
पुरुषांमध्ये उत्तम सर्वोच्च. सगुण व निर्गुण दोन्ही रूपांत उत्तमता. गीतेत भगवान म्हणतात "पुरुषोत्तम" माझे सर्वोच्च स्वरूप. जीव आणि ब्रह्म यांच्या मधील अंतिम सेतु. मोक्षदायक सर्वोत्तम पुरुष.

Meaning:
Purushottamah (पुरुषोत्तमः) - The Supreme Person
From *purusha* (person/being) + *uttama* (highest/supreme); "The Supreme Person, the Highest of All Beings" — beyond both the perishable (*kshara*) and the imperishable (*akshara*), He is the utterly transcendent Purushottama declared in the Bhagavad Gita.

Simple Meaning:
The highest being, beyond both the destructible and indestructible

Mythology / Philosophy:
This teaches that God transcends all categories we can imagine. For spiritual seekers, it means combining action with deep contemplation to reach complete understanding.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (Chapter 15) reveals Krishna as Purushottama, the ultimate overseer of everything. This connects to the cosmic vision (visvarupa) Krishna showed Arjuna in the Mahabharata - where Vishnu's supreme nature includes all His avatars and ensures righteousness continues through all ages.

शब्दार्थ:
सर्वः

अर्थ:
सर्व काही जो स्वतःच आहे.

विवेचन:
जो सर्वकाही आहे सर्व रूप सर्व गुण सर्व प्रकृती. एकही वस्तू त्याच्याबाहेर नाही. अद्वैताचा सर्वव्यापी भाव. भक्तास सर्वकाही विष्णूमय दिसू लागते. सृष्टीचा एकमेव आधार.

Meaning:
Sarvasarakshakah (सर्वसारक्षकः) - Protector of All Essences
Directly, "The All, The Totality"; "He Who Is Everything" — there is nothing that exists outside of Him; all of creation is contained within His being.

Simple Meaning:
The guardian of what's most essential in everything

Mythology / Philosophy:
This name teaches us to protect core values and the wellbeing of our community. In karma yoga (the yoga of action), it means preserving integrity and truth, which maintains balance in society.

Spiritual Message:
The Padma Purana (Uttara Khanda) describes Vishnu as the protector of all essences in the Varaha (boar) incarnation. When the demon Hiranyaksha dragged the Earth to the bottom of the cosmic ocean, Vishnu appeared as a gigantic boar, dove deep, and rescued Mother Earth (Bhudevi), thus protecting the life essence of all beings.

शब्दार्थ:
शर्वः

अर्थ:
प्रलय काळी सर्वांचा संहार करणारा.

विवेचन:
विध्वंसक शिवतत्त्वाचा सहभाव. अधर्माचा अहंकाराचा संहारक. सृष्टी स्थिती संहार यातील संहारशक्ति. भक्तासाठी कोमल परंतु दुष्टांचा संहारक. दैवी रौद्रतेचे तत्त्व.

Meaning:
Sarvah (शर्वः) - From *sharv* (to destroy, to cut down); "He Who Destroys All" — the cosmic destroyer who, at the end of each cycle, draws all back into Himself. This aspect overlaps with Shiva, indicating their ultimate unity.

Simple Meaning:
The one who destroys everything during the time of cosmic dissolution (Pralaya).

Mythology / Philosophy:
Sharva represents the destructive aspect of the divine, removing ignorance, evil, and imbalance from the cosmos. While fearsome to the wicked, this energy is protective and transformative for devotees, reminding us that destruction is a necessary precursor to renewal.

Spiritual Message:
In Shaiva philosophy, Sharva is an aspect of Shiva embodying the Rudra nature—the cosmic force that ends one cycle of creation to prepare for the next. During Pralaya (the dissolution of the universe), Sharva’s power annihilates all forms of ignorance, ego, and adharmic forces. Though terrifying to the impure, to a devotee, Sharva’s presence is gentle, safeguarding and guiding spiritual growth. This aspect teaches that divine wrath is not senseless violence but a force for cosmic order and inner purification.

शब्दार्थ:
शिवः

अर्थ:
अत्यंत कल्याणकारी.

विवेचन:
शिव म्हणजे मंगल कल्याणमय. शांत दयाळू प्रेमपूर्ण स्वरूप. विष्णूतील शिवभाव म्हणजे कल्याण स्वभाव. अशुभाचा नाश करून शुभ निर्माण करणारा. जगाचा कल्याणकर्ता.

Meaning:
Shivah (शिवः) – The Supreme Benefactor
From *shiv* (auspicious, benevolent, the ever-pure); "The Auspicious One, the Ever-Pure" — His very nature is goodness and auspiciousness; contact with Him purifies all that comes near.

Simple Meaning:
Shiva is the embodiment of ultimate goodness, compassion, and auspiciousness.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Shiva represents the power to destroy negativity and transform it into positivity. Meditating on Shiva nurtures inner peace, compassion, and a loving nature. His energy reminds us that true spiritual strength lies in calming the mind while fostering welfare for all beings.

Spiritual Message:
In many Puranic texts, Shiva is described as the compassionate lord who destroys evil and protects the righteous. For example, in the Shiva Purana, he consumes the deadly poison during the churning of the ocean (Samudra Manthan) to save the world, symbolizing his role as the protector and benefactor of all creation. His form inspires devotees to overcome fear, embrace love, and act for universal welfare.

शब्दार्थ:
स्थाणुः

अर्थ:
स्थिर आणि अढळ.

विवेचन:
अचल अढळ काळ कितीही बदलला तरी न बदलणारा. स्थिरतेचे तत्त्व आणि अविचलता. समाधीस्थित योगीरूप. अडचणींमध्ये मन स्थिर ठेवणारी शक्ति. अचल सत्य.

Meaning:
Sthānu (स्थाणुः) – The Steadfast One
From *stha* (to stand, to remain fixed); "The Immovable, Ever-Stable One" — while all of creation shifts and changes, He stands as the unshakeable ground of all existence.

Simple Meaning:
Immovable and unshakeable.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Sthānu symbolizes absolute stability and steadfastness. No matter how much time or circumstances change, this energy remains constant. Meditating on Sthānu cultivates inner calm, resilience in challenges, and alignment with eternal truth. It teaches the power of remaining unmoved amid life’s fluctuations.

Spiritual Message:
In yogic and spiritual texts, Sthānu represents the yogi in perfect samadhi—unaffected by external disturbances. Just as a mountain stands firm through storms, the essence of Sthānu reflects unwavering truth and inner stillness, reminding practitioners to anchor themselves in the eternal, unchanging principle.

शब्दार्थ:
भूतादिः

अर्थ:
सर्व प्राण्यांचे मूळ कारण.

विवेचन:
पंचमहाभूतांचे उद्गमस्थान आणि सृष्टीपूर्वीही अस्तित्वात असलेले अनादि तत्त्व. जगातील प्रत्येक जीव वस्तू व ऊर्जा ज्याच्यापासून प्रकट होते. उत्पत्ती स्थिती आणि लय यांचे अंतिम आधारस्वरूप.

Meaning:
Bhūtādi (भूतादिः) – The Source of All Beings
From *bhoota* (all beings/elements) + *aadi* (origin/beginning); "The Primal Origin of All Beings and Elements" — the first cause from which the five great elements and all creatures arise.

Simple Meaning:
The root cause of all living beings and matter.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Bhūtādi represents the primal element from which everything in the universe arises. It is the origin of the five great elements (Panchamahabhūta) and the eternal principle existing even before creation. Meditating on Bhūtādi helps one understand the interconnectedness of all life, matter, and energy, fostering a sense of unity with the cosmos.

Spiritual Message:
According to Vedic and Upanishadic texts, Bhūtādi is the fundamental source from which all creatures, objects, and energies emerge. It is the eternal foundation behind creation, preservation, and dissolution. By contemplating Bhūtādi, a practitioner can grasp the ultimate reality that underlies birth, existence, and transformation, connecting deeply with the timeless flow of the universe.

शब्दार्थ:
निधिरव्ययः

अर्थ:
कधीही न संपणारा ठेवा.

विवेचन:
अनंत संपत्ती ज्ञान आणि शक्तीचा अक्षय साठा. काळाने किंवा परिस्थितीने ज्यात क्षय होत नाही असा शाश्वत आध्यात्मिक खजिना. भक्तांसाठी अखंड कृपा आणि समृद्धीचा स्रोत.

Meaning:
Nidhiravyayaḥ (निधिरव्ययः) – The Inexhaustible Treasure
From *nidhi* (treasure, treasury) + *avyaya* (inexhaustible); "The Inexhaustible Treasure" — the infinite reservoir of all wealth, wisdom, grace, and abundance that never depletes.

Simple Meaning:
The never-ending treasure; the imperishable storehouse of wealth.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Everything in the material world diminishes with time—wealth gets spent, strength declines, knowledge fades. But the Divine is described in the Vishnu Sahasranama as Nidhiravyayaḥ — an eternal source that never decreases.

For devotees, this name reminds us that true security lies not in temporary possessions but in spiritual wealth — devotion, wisdom, and divine grace — which never diminish. God is the inexhaustible reservoir from whom blessings flow endlessly.

Spiritual Message:
In Vedantic thought, the Supreme is pūrṇa (complete). Even when the universe emerges from Him, His fullness is never reduced. Just as lighting many lamps from one flame does not diminish the original flame, the Divine remains whole and infinite.

For bhaktas, Nidhiravyayaḥ means that divine grace is unlimited — no matter how many seek it, it never runs out. He is the eternal treasure that time cannot exhaust and circumstances cannot diminish.

शब्दार्थ:
सम्भवः

अर्थ:
स्वतःच्या इच्छेने प्रकट होणारा.

विवेचन:
कोणत्याही बाह्य कारणाशिवाय अवतार धारण करणारा. धर्मरक्षणासाठी योग्य वेळी प्रकटणारे दैवी स्वरूप. सृष्टीच्या कार्यासाठी स्वेच्छेने प्रकट होणारे परम तत्त्व.

Meaning:
Sambhavaḥ (सम्भवः) – The Self-Manifesting One
From *sam* (fully, perfectly) + *bhava* (arising, being); "He Who Manifests Perfectly at Will" — He takes form whenever and however He chooses for the protection of dharma and His devotees.

Simple Meaning:
The One who manifests by His own will.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Unlike ordinary beings who are born due to karma or external causes, the Divine appears out of free will. As declared in the Bhagavad Gita (4.7–8), whenever righteousness declines and adharma rises, He manifests to restore balance. His appearance is not forced — it is a conscious, compassionate choice for the protection of dharma.

This teaches us that divine intervention is purposeful and timely. The Supreme is not bound by nature but controls it.

Spiritual Message:
Sambhavaḥ signifies the Absolute Reality that manifests without any external cause. He assumes various forms (avatars) not out of necessity, but out of divine will. The Bhagavata Purana describes how the Lord incarnates age after age for cosmic harmony.

Thus, Sambhavaḥ reminds us that the Divine is both transcendent and immanent — beyond creation, yet freely entering it for the welfare of all beings.

शब्दार्थ:
भावनः

अर्थ:
भक्तांचे कल्याण करणारा.

विवेचन:
भक्तांच्या भावना जाणून त्यांना योग्य फळ देणारा. अंतःकरणातील शुभ संकल्पांना पोषण करणारा. प्रेम, श्रद्धा आणि सद्भाव वाढवणारा दैवी कल्याणकर्ता.

Meaning:
Bhāvanaḥ (भावनः) – The Divine Nurturer
From *bhaavana* (one who creates, nourishes, and purifies); "The Creator and Purifier of All" — He who brings beings into existence, nourishes them through life, and ultimately purifies them.

Simple Meaning:
The One who nurtures and fulfills the hearts of devotees.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The Divine is not distant or indifferent. As Bhāvanaḥ, He understands the inner feelings, intentions, and devotion of every being. In the Bhagavad Gita (9.22), it is said that the Lord preserves and carries what His devotees lack. He responds not merely to rituals, but to sincerity of heart.

This name reminds us that pure intention and heartfelt devotion are always seen and rewarded.

Spiritual Message:
Bhāvanaḥ signifies the One who nourishes noble thoughts and righteous intentions within the heart. He strengthens faith, deepens love, and cultivates spiritual growth. The Vishnu Sahasranama praises Him as the compassionate sustainer who grants results according to the devotee’s inner disposition.

Thus, Bhāvanaḥ teaches that divine grace flows in harmony with our inner feelings — when we cultivate love, sincerity, and goodness, the Divine nurtures them into spiritual fulfillment.

शब्दार्थ:
भर्ता

अर्थ:
जगाचे पालन करणारा.

विवेचन:
पालनकर्ता रक्षक पोषणकर्ता. जीवांच्या प्रत्येक गरजेची पूर्ती करणारा. जीवन चालण्यासाठी आवश्यक साधने देणारा. दुःखात हात धरणारा आणि आनंदात आशीर्वाद देणारा. विश्वाचा महान भरणपोषणकर्ता.

Meaning:
Bhartā (भर्ता) – The Supreme Sustainer
From *bhri* (to bear, to maintain, to support); "The Sustainer and Supporter of All" — He Who carries the entire weight of creation, maintaining every being in existence moment by moment.

Simple Meaning:
The One who sustains and supports the universe.

Mythology / Philosophy:
All beings depend on a higher sustaining power for their existence. In the Bhagavad Gita (9.18), the Lord declares Himself as the supporter and protector of all. From the smallest creature to the vast cosmos, everything is upheld by His divine energy.

This name reminds us that life itself is sustained by grace. Every breath, every resource, and every opportunity flows from the Supreme Sustainer.

Spiritual Message:
Bhartā signifies the nourisher, protector, and provider. He fulfills the needs of all beings and maintains cosmic order. The Vishnu Sahasranama glorifies Him as the one who carries the responsibility of the entire universe.

He supports us in sorrow, blesses us in joy, and provides the means necessary for life’s journey. Thus, Bhartā reveals the Divine as the great cosmic caretaker — the eternal source of protection, nourishment, and stability.

शब्दार्थ:
प्रभवः

अर्थ:
सर्व शक्तींचे उगमस्थान.

विवेचन:
सृष्टीच्या प्रारंभाचे आदितत्त्व. देव जीव प्रकृती आणि पंचमहाभूत ज्याच्यापासून प्रकट होतात असे कारणस्वरूप. ज्ञान ऊर्जा आणि सामर्थ्याचा अखंड स्रोत. निर्माण स्थिती आणि परिवर्तन यामागील दैवी प्रेरणाशक्ति.

Meaning:
Prabhavaḥ (प्रभवः) – The Source of All Power
From *pra* (forth) + *bhava* (arising); "He From Whom All Things Arise" or "The Source of All Excellence" — the origin of all noble qualities and all beings.

Simple Meaning:
The Origin from whom everything arises.

Mythology / Philosophy:
All creation — visible and invisible — has a beginning, and that beginning rests in the Divine. In the Bhagavad Gita (10.8), the Lord declares, “I am the source of all; from Me everything proceeds.” This name reminds us that all strength, wisdom, energy, and existence itself flow from one supreme origin.

Recognizing Prabhavaḥ inspires humility and gratitude, as every ability we possess is rooted in that higher source.

Spiritual Message:
Prabhavaḥ signifies the primal cause behind creation. Gods, beings, nature, and the five great elements emerge from Him. He is the inexhaustible fountain of knowledge, energy, and power. The Vishnu Sahasranama glorifies Him as the divine force behind creation, sustenance, and transformation.

Thus, Prabhavaḥ reveals the Supreme as the eternal origin — the unseen divine impulse from which the universe manifests and continues its cosmic rhythm.

शब्दार्थ:
प्रभुः

अर्थ:
अत्यंत समर्थ स्वामी.

विवेचन:
सर्व शक्तींचा स्रोत सर्वांचा स्वामी. अधिकार आदेश नियंत्रण सर्व त्याच्याकडे. निर्मिती पालन आणि संहार यांचा सर्वोच्च नियंता. तरीही भक्तांसाठी अत्यंत सुलभ.

Meaning:
Prabhuḥ (प्रभुः) – The Supreme Lord
From *pra* + *bhu* (to be supremely); "The Almighty Lord" — He Who is capable of all things, the sovereign master of all existence.

Simple Meaning:
The All-Powerful Master.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Prabhuḥ signifies the One who possesses supreme authority, power, and control over all existence. In the Bhagavad Gita (9.10), the Lord explains that under His supervision, nature carries out creation and activity. He is the ultimate source of command and governance in the cosmos.

This name reminds us that behind the apparent forces of the world stands one sovereign will.

Spiritual Message:
As Prabhuḥ, He is the supreme ruler of creation, preservation, and dissolution. All energies function under His direction. The Vishnu Sahasranama glorifies Him as the absolute Lord whose authority is unmatched.

Yet, despite His infinite power, He remains easily accessible to devotees — responding to sincere prayer with compassion and grace. Thus, Prabhuḥ reveals the Divine as both the highest controller and the most loving Lord.

शब्दार्थ:
ईश्वरः

अर्थ:
सर्वांवर शासन करणारा.

विवेचन:
सृष्टीची उत्पत्ती ज्याच्यापासून सुरू होते असे आदितत्त्व. देव जीव प्रकृती आणि पंचमहाभूत यांचे कारणस्वरूप. ऊर्जा ज्ञान आणि सामर्थ्य यांचा अखंड स्रोत. निर्मितीच्या प्रत्येक प्रारंभामागील दैवी आधार.

Meaning:
Eeshvarah (ईश्वरः) – The Supreme Controller
From *ish* (to rule, to command) + *vara* (boon-giver); "The Supreme Controller and Lord" — the one independent ruler who governs all without being governed by anything.

Simple Meaning:
The One who rules over all.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Īśvaraḥ signifies the Supreme Being who governs the entire universe with perfect wisdom and authority. In the Bhagavad Gita (18.61), it is said that the Lord resides in the hearts of all beings and directs their wanderings according to divine law. He is not merely a distant creator but the inner ruler guiding existence itself.

This name reminds us that the universe operates under a conscious, intelligent principle — not by chance.

Spiritual Message:
As Īśvaraḥ, He is the primordial cause from whom creation begins. Gods, beings, nature, and the five great elements arise from Him. He is the inexhaustible source of energy, knowledge, and power. The Vishnu Sahasranama glorifies Him as the supreme sovereign whose will sustains cosmic order.

Thus, Īśvaraḥ reveals the Divine as the eternal foundation behind every beginning — the unseen, divine support behind all creation and existence.

शब्दार्थ:
स्वयम्भूः

अर्थ:
स्वतःहून निर्माण झालेला.

विवेचन:
कोणत्याही कारणावर अवलंबून नसलेला अनादि तत्त्व. स्वतःच स्वतःचा आधार असलेला परमेश्वर. सृष्टीपूर्वीही अस्तित्वात असलेले स्वयंप्रकाश स्वरूप.

Meaning:
Svayambhūḥ (स्वयम्भूः) – The Self-Existent One
From *svayam* (by itself, self) + *bhu* (born, arisen); "The Self-Existent, Self-Born One" — He came into being by His own will alone, uncaused by any other, the uncaused cause of all causes.

Simple Meaning:
The One who exists by Himself.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Everything in creation depends on a cause — but the Supreme does not. In the Bhagavad Gita (10.3), the Lord is described as unborn and without beginning. Svayambhūḥ reminds us that the Divine is not created, nor dependent on anything else for existence. He is the ultimate foundation upon which all else rests.

This name teaches that behind the chain of cause and effect stands one eternal, independent reality.

Spiritual Message:
Svayambhūḥ signifies the beginningless principle that exists before creation and remains after dissolution. He is self-luminous and self-established — needing no support, yet supporting all. The Vishnu Sahasranama glorifies Him as the self-originating Supreme Being.

Thus, Svayambhūḥ reveals the Divine as the eternal, self-existent truth — present before the universe began and shining by His own infinite light.

शब्दार्थ:
शम्भुः

अर्थ:
सुख देणारा.

विवेचन:
भक्तांच्या दुःखांचा नाश करून आनंद देणारा. शांती समाधान आणि कल्याणाचा स्रोत. कृपामय आणि शुभफलदायक दैवी स्वरूप.

Meaning:
Śambhuḥ (शम्भुः) – The Bestower of Bliss
From *sham* (bliss, welfare) + *bhu* (giver/cause); "He Who Causes Bliss and Well-Being" — the source of all happiness, whose very presence brings auspiciousness and peace.

Simple Meaning:
The One who gives happiness and auspiciousness.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Śambhuḥ signifies the Divine as the giver of peace, joy, and well-being. He removes the sorrows of devotees and fills their hearts with inner contentment. In the Vishnu Sahasranama, this name reflects the Lord’s compassionate and benevolent nature.

This reminds us that true happiness does not arise from external possessions, but from divine grace and inner harmony.

Spiritual Message:
As Śambhuḥ, the Supreme is the source of peace, fulfillment, and auspiciousness. He transforms suffering into spiritual growth and blesses devotees with serenity and hope. Though often associated with auspiciousness in many scriptures, here the name highlights the benevolent aspect of the Supreme Lord who nurtures joy and removes distress.

Thus, Śambhuḥ reveals the Divine as the compassionate giver of happiness — the eternal source of peace and sacred well-being.

शब्दार्थ:
आदित्यः

अर्थ:
आदितीचा पुत्र / सूर्याप्रमाणे तेजस्वी.

विवेचन:
अदितीचा पुत्र तेज प्रकाश आणि ऊर्जा यांचे मूळ. सूर्यवत जगाला प्रकाश देणारा. आदित्यांच्या समूहात प्रमुख. ज्ञानप्रकाशाचे प्रतीक आणि अंधकाराचा नाशक.

Meaning:
Ādityaḥ (आदित्यः) – The Radiant One
From *Aditi* (the boundless, mother of the gods) + suffix; "The Son of Aditi" or "He Who Is the Sun, the Limitless Light" — born among the Adityas (solar deities), He is the light of consciousness shining through all the suns.

Simple Meaning:
The Son of Aditi; the One who shines like the Sun.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Ādityaḥ signifies divine brilliance and life-giving energy. In the Vedic tradition, the sons of Aditi are known as the Ādityas, celestial deities of light and order. The Bhagavad Gita (10.21) declares, “Among the Ādityas, I am Vishnu,” revealing the Lord as the foremost among the radiant powers.

This name reminds us that just as the sun dispels darkness and sustains life, the Divine illumines ignorance and energizes the universe.

Spiritual Message:
As Ādityaḥ, the Supreme is the source of light, vitality, and cosmic order. Like the sun that shines impartially upon all, He nourishes the world with knowledge and strength. The Vishnu Sahasranama praises Him as the effulgent Lord whose brilliance destroys the darkness of ignorance.

Thus, Ādityaḥ reveals the Divine as the radiant source of illumination — the eternal light that guides, sustains, and awakens all beings.

शब्दार्थ:
पुष्कराक्षः

अर्थ:
कमळासारखे डोळे असलेला.

विवेचन:
कमळासारखी शुद्ध विशाल आणि शांत नेत्रे असलेला. त्याच्या दर्शनाने मनाला कमळासारखी निर्मळता प्राप्त होते. कृपादृष्टीतून भक्तांचे दुःख समाधान पावते. कमळ नेत्रांत प्रेम कोमलता आणि दैवी शांततेचे वासस्थान. आदर्श सौंदर्याचे प्रतीक.

Meaning:
Puṣkarākṣaḥ (पुष्कराक्षः) – The Lotus-Eyed Lord
From *pushkara* (lotus) + *aksha* (eye); "The Lotus-Eyed One" — His eyes are compared to the lotus in their beauty, depth, purity, and the grace they bestow upon all who behold them.

Simple Meaning:
The One whose eyes are like lotuses.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The lotus symbolizes purity, beauty, and serenity — untouched by the mud in which it grows. As Puṣkarākṣaḥ, the Lord’s eyes are described as wide, gentle, and compassionate like blooming lotuses. In the Vishnu Sahasranama, this name reflects His divine beauty and grace.

This reminds devotees that a single glance of divine compassion can purify the heart and remove sorrow.

Spiritual Message:
The lotus-like eyes signify not only physical beauty but spiritual qualities — purity, calmness, and boundless love. His compassionate gaze brings peace and reassurance to devotees. Just as the lotus opens toward the sun, the heart of a devotee opens under His benevolent vision.

Thus, Puṣkarākṣaḥ reveals the Divine as the embodiment of ideal beauty and tenderness — whose loving glance fills the soul with purity, comfort, and divine tranquility.

शब्दार्थ:
महास्वनः

अर्थ:
ज्याचा नाद (वेदांचा घोष) महान आहे.

विवेचन:
वेदांचा घोष ज्याच्यातून प्रकटतो. सृष्टीच्या प्रारंभी उमटलेला दिव्य ओंकारस्वरूप ध्वनी. ज्याच्या स्पंदनाने विश्वात चेतना जागृत होते.

Meaning:
Mahāsvanaḥ (महास्वनः) – The Great Cosmic Sound
From *mahaa* (great) + *svana* (sound/voice); "He of the Great and Mighty Sound" — His voice is the primordial cosmic sound, the *Pranava* (Om), from which all sounds and all creation emerge.

Simple Meaning:
The One whose sound is mighty and divine.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Mahāsvanaḥ signifies the Supreme from whom the great sacred sound arises. The Vedas themselves are said to emanate from Him. In the Bhagavad Gita (7.8), the Lord declares, “I am the syllable Om in all the Vedas.” This connects Him to the primordial vibration that sustains creation.

This name reminds us that the universe is not silent — it vibrates with divine consciousness.

Spiritual Message:
At the dawn of creation, the primordial sound — the sacred Om — resounded as the first expression of divine will. That cosmic vibration awakened life and order in the universe. The Vishnu Sahasranama glorifies Him as the source of that majestic sound from which knowledge and existence unfold.

Thus, Mahāsvanaḥ reveals the Divine as the eternal cosmic resonance — the great spiritual vibration that awakens consciousness and sustains the rhythm of creation.

शब्दार्थ:
अनादिनिधनः

अर्थ:
ज्याला जन्मही नाही आणि अंतही नाही.

विवेचन:
अंत नाही असे शाश्वत तत्त्व. काळ, जन्म आणि मृत्यु यांच्या पलीकडील अनंत अस्तित्व. नित्य, अविनाशी आणि स्वयंप्रकाश स्वरूप.

Meaning:
Anādi-Nidhanaḥ (अनादिनिधनः) – The Beginningless and Endless One
From *an* (not) + *aadi* (beginning) + *nidhana* (end/destruction); "He Who Has Neither Beginning Nor End" — the eternal one who exists before all beginnings and beyond all endings.

Simple Meaning:
The One who has neither beginning nor end.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Everything in the material world has a start and a finish. But the Supreme is beyond time. In the Bhagavad Gita (2.20), the Lord is described as unborn, eternal, ever-existing, and undying. Anādi-Nidhanaḥ reminds us that the Divine is not bound by birth, change, or death.

This name reassures devotees that the ultimate reality is permanent and unchanging, even when the world around us constantly transforms.

Spiritual Message:
Anādi means without beginning, and Nidhana means without end. The Supreme exists beyond time, causation, and decay. He is eternal, indestructible, and self-luminous. The Vishnu Sahasranama praises Him as the timeless foundation underlying all cycles of creation and dissolution.

Thus, Anādi-Nidhanaḥ reveals the Divine as the infinite, eternal presence — beyond birth and death, beyond time itself, shining forever in absolute existence.

शब्दार्थ:
धाता

अर्थ:
सृष्टीला आधार देणारा.

विवेचन:
स्थिर ठेवणारा. प्रत्येक जीवाला त्याचे स्थान आणि कर्तव्य देणारा. जगाच्या संरचनेचा दैवी धारक.

Meaning:
Dhātā (धाता) - The Supporter/Creator
From *dhaa* (to hold, to create, to support); "The Creator and Sustainer" — He Who places and maintains all things in their proper position in creation.

Simple Meaning:
The one who upholds and sustains everything

Mythology / Philosophy:
God is the foundation that holds up the entire universe. In karma yoga, this teaches us to see our daily work as supporting the cosmic order - every responsible action helps maintain universal balance. It cultivates a sense of sacred duty in all we do.

Spiritual Message:
The Rig Veda (10.121.1) speaks of Dhātā as the primordial sustainer who was there at creation's beginning. The Vishnu Purana (Book 1, Chapter 4) describes how Vishnu projects and upholds the five elements. The Varaha avatar beautifully demonstrates this - Vishnu as a giant boar lifting the Earth from the cosmic ocean, literally supporting the world.

शब्दार्थ:
विधाता

अर्थ:
कर्मांचे फळ देणारा.

विवेचन:
न्यायनियंता. प्रत्येकाच्या जीवनमार्गाची सूक्ष्म रचना करणारा. दैवी नियतीचा संतुलित व्यवस्थापक.

Meaning:
Vidhātā (विधाता) - The Dispenser of Destiny
From *vi* (specially, diversely) + *dhaataa*; "The Dispenser of the Fruits of Karma" — He Who ordains the results of all actions and determines the destiny of all beings according to their deeds.

Simple Meaning:
The one who arranges and ordains everything

Mythology / Philosophy:
This balances free will with divine will. While we make efforts (purushakara), there's also a divine plan (daiva). Understanding this helps us accept life's outcomes with grace while still acting responsibly. It guides ethical decisions by aligning our choices with cosmic harmony.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 3, Chapter 26) shows Vidhātā as Vishnu distributing the three qualities (gunas) during creation - giving each being their nature and role. The Vamana Purana tells how Vishnu, after measuring the universe in three steps, fairly ordained demon-king Bali's place in the underworld, dispensing cosmic justice with perfect precision.

शब्दार्थ:
धातुरुत्तमः

अर्थ:
सर्व आधार देणाऱ्यांमध्ये श्रेष्ठ.

विवेचन:
पंचमहाभूत आणि प्रकृतीच्या पलीकडील अंतिम आधार. सृष्टीच्या प्रत्येक घटकाला स्थैर्य देणारे परम तत्त्व.

Meaning:
Dhāturuttamaḥ (धातुरुत्तमः) - The Supreme Element
From *dhaatu* (element, constituent) + *uttama* (highest, supreme); "The Supreme Element, the Highest Constituent of All" — beyond the five elements, beyond all matter and energy, He is the ultimate substance underlying everything.

Simple Meaning:
The highest essence from which all elements come

Mythology / Philosophy:
Everything in nature comes from one divine source. In tantric meditation, this helps us balance the five elements (earth, water, fire, air, ether) within ourselves for health and well-being. Ethically, it teaches that purity of intention is the supreme "element" in all we do.

Spiritual Message:
The Vishnu Purana (Book 1, Chapter 2) identifies Vishnu's subtle essence as the source of all gross elements. The Matsya Purana describes the golden womb (Hiranyagarbha) - from Vishnu's supreme elemental nature, Brahma emerged to arrange the physical elements into the universe we see.

शब्दार्थ:
अप्रमेयः

अर्थ:
ज्याचे मोजमाप बुद्धीने होऊ शकत नाही.

विवेचन:
इंद्रिय, तर्क आणि विज्ञानाच्या पलीकडील अनंत स्वरूप. अनुभवाने जाणवणारे पण शब्दात न मावणारे तत्त्व.

Meaning:
Aprameyaḥ (अप्रमेयः) - The Immeasurable
From *a* (not) + *prameya* (that which can be measured or proven); "The Immeasurable, the Incomprehensible" — no instrument of knowledge — perception, inference, or scripture — can fully measure or contain Him.

Simple Meaning:
The one who cannot be measured or limited

Mythology / Philosophy:
This repeats an earlier name, emphasizing that God is truly infinite. It advances apophatic theology - understanding God through what He is NOT (not limited, not measurable). It teaches boundless compassion - not measuring or limiting our love and forgiveness as God doesn't limit His.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 2, Chapter 5) describes sage Narada's vision of Vishnu's unmeasurable cosmic form that extended infinitely in all directions. This echoes the creation hymn (Nasadiya Sukta, Rig Veda 10.129) where the immeasurable "One" existed before anything could measure anything.

शब्दार्थ:
हृषीकेशः

अर्थ:
इंद्रियांचा स्वामी.

विवेचन:
मन, बुद्धी आणि ज्ञानेंद्रियांच्या हालचालींवर अधिपत्य ठेवणारा. भक्ताला इंद्रियनिग्रहाची शक्ती देणारा.

Meaning:
Hṛṣīkeśaḥ (हृषीकेशः) - Lord of the Senses
From *hrisheeka* (the senses) + *isha* (lord); "The Lord of the Senses" — He is the master of all sense organs; all perception ultimately occurs through His power alone.

Simple Meaning:
The master and controller of all senses (repeated)

Mythology / Philosophy:
This crucial teaching is repeated to emphasize its importance. Mastering our senses through pranayama (breath control) and pratyahara (sense withdrawal) is essential for spiritual progress. It ensures ethical self-control, preventing impulsive actions driven by uncontrolled desires.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (10.37) has Krishna calling Himself Hṛṣīkeśa. In the Mahabharata (Udyoga Parva 71), He demonstrates this mastery by controlling Arjuna's faculties with wise counsel. Similarly, in the Ramayana, Rama guides Lakshmana's senses through proper conduct during their forest exile.

शब्दार्थ:
पद्मनाभः

अर्थ:
ज्याच्या नाभीतून कमळ उमलले आहे.

विवेचन:
त्यावरून सृष्टीची उत्पत्ती झाली. ब्रह्मनिर्मितीचे आदिस्थान. पवित्रता, सृजन आणि दिव्य सौंदर्याचे प्रतीक.

Meaning:
Padmanābhaḥ (पद्मनाभः) - The Lotus-Naveled One
From *padma* (lotus) + *naabhi* (navel); "He From Whose Navel the Lotus Arises" — from His cosmic navel grew the lotus upon which Brahma sat and created the universe, making Him the source of all creation.

Simple Meaning:
He from whose navel the lotus grows (repeated)

Mythology / Philosophy:
This beautiful image is repeated to emphasize creation's purity. Meditation on the navel chakra (manipura) using this visualization awakens creative and preservative energies. It symbolizes how all our actions should unfold from inner purity like a lotus blooming from water.

Spiritual Message:
The Padma Purana (Srishti Khanda) gives detailed descriptions of the cosmic lotus emerging from Vishnu's navel during creation. The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 3) describes how Brahma sat meditating on this lotus, seeking to understand his origin, until Vishnu revealed the truth - showing how divine creation resolves cosmic loneliness.

शब्दार्थ:
अमरप्रभुः

अर्थ:
देवांचा स्वामी.

विवेचन:
त्यांचा रक्षक. स्वर्गीय शक्तींचा अधिपती. देवांना सामर्थ्य व दिशा देणारा परमेश्वर.

Meaning:
Amaraprabhuḥ (अमरप्रभुः) - Lord of the Immortals
From *amara* (immortal, the gods) + *prabhuh* (lord); "The Lord of the Immortals, the Ruler of the Gods" — supreme even over the devas, the divine beings of the celestial realm.

Simple Meaning:
The master of all gods and immortal beings

Mythology / Philosophy:
Even the gods worship Vishnu. This integrates deity worship into personal practice - we can honor various gods while recognizing the one supreme source. It teaches leadership as service to something eternal and greater than ourselves.

Spiritual Message:
The Rig Veda (8.12.15) praises Vishnu as the lord of immortals in the cosmic stride hymns. The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 8) shows this dramatically during the ocean churning - Vishnu as the beautiful Mohini distributed the nectar of immortality (amrita), demonstrating His lordship over even the gods who sought immortality.

शब्दार्थ:
विश्वकर्मा

अर्थ:
विश्वाची निर्मिती करणारा.

विवेचन:
सृष्टीतील प्रत्येक घटकाची योजना आणि निर्मिती करणारा. प्रकृती, काल आणि नियम यांचे अद्भुत संयोजन करणारे परम बुद्धितत्त्व.

Meaning:
Viśvakarmā (विश्वकर्मा) - The Universal Craftsman
From *vishva* (universe) + *karma* (action/work); "He Whose Work Is the Universe" or "The Architect of the Cosmos" — the divine craftsman whose act of creation is the universe itself.

Simple Meaning:
The architect and maker of the universe

Mythology / Philosophy:
All skillful work is a form of divine craftsmanship. This inspires seeing our vocations as sacred - whether we're artists, builders, or any profession, we're participating in cosmic creation. It fosters precision and excellence in all endeavors, viewing quality work as worship.

Spiritual Message:
The Vishnu Purana (Book 1, Chapter 5) describes Vishnu as the cosmic craftsman who orchestrated the elements into organized forms. The Skanda Purana identifies Him as the divine architect who designed Mount Meru (the cosmic axis) and the various heavenly realms with perfect mathematical precision.

शब्दार्थ:
मनुः

अर्थ:
जो संकल्प करणारा (ब्रह्मदेव रूप) आहे.

विवेचन:
संकल्पशक्तीने सृष्टीच्या व्यवस्थेची निर्मिती करणारा आदिप्रजापती. धर्म, नियम आणि सामाजिक जीवनाची रूपरेषा ठरवणारा. मानवजातीचा मार्गदर्शक आणि संस्कृतीचा आधारस्तंभ. ब्रह्मदेवरूपाने सृष्टीचक्र चालू ठेवणारा दैवी नियंता.

Meaning:
Manuh(मनुः) - The Sacred Sound
From *man* (to think, to understand); "The Thinker, the Primal Mind" — He is the source of all thought and the cosmic intelligence from which Manu (the progenitor of humanity) himself originates.

Simple Meaning:
The protective sacred utterance itself

Mythology / Philosophy:
Mantras aren't just words - they're sound vibrations that carry divine power. This makes mantra-japa (chanting) a central practice for purifying consciousness. It also guides ethical speech - our words should protect and uplift, not harm.

Spiritual Message:
The Taittiriya Samhita (4.1.1) describes Mantra as the power within Vedic hymns. The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 6) tells how sage Narada's chanting of Vishnu mantras provided divine protection from demonic attacks, creating a shield of sacred sound around devotees.

शब्दार्थ:
त्वष्टा

अर्थ:
सृष्टीची रूपे घडवणारा.

विवेचन:
सृष्टीचा रचनाकार—देह, भूत, प्रकृती यांचे आकार-उपकार करणारा. सूक्ष्म-अणू ते विशाल ब्रह्मांड—सर्वांचे दृश्यरूप तयार करणारा. मानवाच्या देहातील प्रत्येक अवयवाचे अप्रतिम डिझाइन. जगातील विविधतेची अद्भुत कलाकृती त्याचीच. विश्वातील सर्वोच्च कलाकार.

Meaning:
Tvashtaa (त्वष्टा) – The Divine Architect
From *tvash* (to make thin, to shape, to fashion); "The Divine Shaper of Forms" — the supreme craftsman who gives precise form and shape to all beings in creation, fashioning each unique body with divine skill.

Simple Meaning:
The One who shapes and forms creation.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Tvaṣṭā signifies the Supreme as the cosmic designer who gives form to all existence. From the smallest atom to the vast universe, every structure reflects divine intelligence. In the Vishnu Sahasranama, this name highlights the Lord as the master craftsman behind creation’s intricate design.

This reminds us that the universe is not random — it is shaped with purpose, balance, and beauty.

Spiritual Message:
As Tvaṣṭā, the Lord fashions bodies, elements, and natural laws with astonishing precision. The harmony of the human body, the symmetry of nature, and the diversity of life all reflect His artistry. The Vedic vision sees Him as the supreme artist whose creativity manifests in countless forms.

Thus, Tvaṣṭā reveals the Divine as the ultimate architect — the incomparable designer who shapes the visible universe with wisdom, order, and sublime craftsmanship.

शब्दार्थ:
स्थविष्ठः

अर्थ:
अती प्रचंड रूप असलेला.

विवेचन:
अत्यंत स्थिर, विशाल, अचल. पर्वत, पृथ्वी, आकाश—ज्यांनीही स्थिरतेचा पाठ घेतला, ते त्याच्याकडून. जगातील कोणताही बदल त्याच्या स्थिरतेला स्पर्श करू शकत नाही. भक्तांच्या मनात दृढता निर्माण करणारा. अचल सत्य.

Meaning:
Sthaviṣṭhaḥ (स्थविष्ठः) – The Most Massive and Immovable
From *sthavira* (the most massive, the grossest); "He Who Is the Most Massive and Mighty" — in His cosmic form, He is vaster than the vastest thing conceivable.

Simple Meaning:
The One who is supremely vast and unshakable.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Sthaviṣṭhaḥ signifies the Divine as infinitely great, stable, and firm. Just as mountains, earth, and sky represent steadiness in nature, their strength reflects His eternal stability. In the Vishnu Sahasranama, this name praises the Lord as the immovable foundation of the cosmos.

This reminds devotees that amidst constant change, there exists one unchanging truth.

Spiritual Message:
As Sthaviṣṭhaḥ, the Supreme is beyond disturbance or decay. No transformation in the universe can affect His eternal steadiness. He is the firm support behind all existence, the silent strength sustaining all movement.

For devotees, this name inspires inner stability and courage. By remembering the immovable Divine, the mind becomes steady and fearless. Thus, Sthaviṣṭhaḥ reveals the Lord as the eternal, unshaken reality — the absolute and unchanging truth.

शब्दार्थ:
स्थविरो ध्रुवः

अर्थ:
सर्वात प्राचीन आणि अढळ.

विवेचन:
एक असा ज्येष्ठ, प्राचीन व्यक्ती किंवा तत्व जो स्थिर, अढळ आणि निश्चल आहे.

Meaning:
Sthavirah (स्थविरो ध्रुवः) – The Ancient and Immutable One
From the same root *sthavira* (ancient, old, firm); "The Ancient and Ever-Firm One" — the oldest of the old, existing before all time, yet eternally stable and unchanging.

Simple Meaning:
The Most Ancient and Ever-Firm Reality.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Sthaviraḥ means the most ancient, and Dhruvaḥ means fixed, constant, and unshakable. Together, this name declares the Supreme as the eternal being who existed before all creation and remains unchanged forever. In the Vishnu Sahasranama, He is praised as the timeless foundation of the universe.

This reminds us that while everything around us ages and transforms, the Divine remains eternally steady.

Spiritual Message:
As Sthaviro Dhruvaḥ, the Lord is older than time itself — yet never diminished by it. He is constant like the pole star, unwavering amid cosmic motion. Beyond birth, growth, decay, and death, He stands as the eternal witness and support of all existence.

For devotees, this name brings assurance and stability. By anchoring the heart in the unchanging Divine, one gains firmness of faith and clarity of purpose. Thus, Sthaviro Dhruvaḥ reveals the Supreme as the ancient, immovable truth — forever steady and eternal.

शब्दार्थ:
अग्राह्यः

अर्थ:
इंद्रियांना सहज न कळणारा.

विवेचन:
अनुभव, ज्ञान किंवा तत्व जे इंद्रियांच्या साध्या अनुभवाने समजू शकत नाही, ज्याला जाणून घेण्यासाठी अंतर्मुखी विचार, साधना, ध्यान किंवा तात्त्विक ज्ञानाची आवश्यकता असते.

Meaning:
Agrāhyaḥ (अग्राह्यः) – The Incomprehensible One
From *a* (not) + *graahya* (graspable, obtainable); "He Who Cannot Be Grasped" — neither by the senses, nor by the mind, nor by the intellect alone can He be seized or comprehended without His own grace.

Simple Meaning:
The One who cannot be grasped by the senses.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Our senses can perceive only limited, material realities. But the Divine transcends sensory perception. In the Bhagavad Gita (12.3–4), the Lord is described as unmanifest and beyond the grasp of the senses and mind. Agrāhyaḥ reminds us that the Supreme cannot be fully understood through ordinary perception alone.

This name teaches humility — true knowledge requires inner refinement, not just external observation.

Spiritual Message:
Agrāhyaḥ signifies a reality that cannot be captured by touch, sight, sound, or intellect alone. To realize Him, one must turn inward through meditation, devotion, and philosophical inquiry. The Vishnu Sahasranama praises Him as beyond material comprehension, yet attainable through spiritual realization.

Thus, Agrāhyaḥ reveals the Divine as transcendent and subtle — beyond sensory grasp, yet accessible to the purified heart and awakened consciousness.

शब्दार्थ:
शाश्वतः

अर्थ:
जो कायमस्वरूपी आहे.

विवेचन:
सदैव एकसारखा, बदल न होणारा.काळ, स्थिती, परिस्थिती—कुठल्याही गोष्टीने प्रभावित न होणारा.शाश्वत सत्य, अनादी, अनंत.जीवनाचे अंतिम ध्येय.सर्व काळात समान तेज आणि शक्ती टिकवणारा.

Meaning:
Shaashvatah(शाश्वतः) - The Eternal One
From *shaash* (to remain forever); "The Eternal, the Everlasting" — He exists perpetually, unaffected by the endless cycle of creation and dissolution that governs everything else.

Simple Meaning:
He who exists at all times; the permanent reality

Mythology / Philosophy:
While everything changes, God remains unchanging. This provides stability in life's flux - connecting to the eternal through prayer/meditation anchors us. It teaches that while forms come and go, essence remains - helping us deal with loss and change. For spiritual seekers, it represents the goal - realizing our eternal nature beyond temporal existence.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (2.20) describes the soul as "eternal, unborn, undying, primeval" (śāśvata) - sharing God's eternal nature. The Vishnu Purana (Book 1) explains that while creation has cycles of manifestation and dissolution, Vishnu remains as the śāśvata (eternal constant). The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 10, Chapter 87) contains beautiful prayers by the personified Vedas describing Krishna as the eternal reality that existed before creation, exists during it, and will exist after - the unchanging witness of all change.

शब्दार्थ:
कृष्णः

अर्थ:
जो सर्वांना स्वतःकडे आकर्षित करतो.

विवेचन:
कृष्' म्हणजे ओढणे. आपल्या सौंदर्याने, गुणांनी आणि लीलेने जो संपूर्ण जगाला आकर्षित करतो, तो कृष्ण. तसेच तो नीळमेघवर्ण आहे.

Meaning:
Krishnah (कृष्णः) - The All-Attractive One
From *krish* (to attract, to draw) + *na* (bliss); or *krishna* (the dark one, the all-attractive); "The All-Attractive One" or "He of Dark Complexion Who Draws All Hearts" — this is His most celebrated name, the one who attracts all beings irresistibly toward Himself.

Simple Meaning:
The one who attracts all hearts (also means "dark-complexioned")

Mythology / Philosophy:
This name is central to bhakti (devotional yoga). Just as we're naturally attracted to beauty and love, Krishna draws our hearts toward the divine. It teaches us to redirect our attractions from temporary worldly things to eternal spiritual love.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 10, Chapter 1) describes Krishna's birth and His power to attract everyone - the cowherd girls (gopis) in the Rasa Lila, His friend Arjuna in the Gita. His dark blue-black complexion symbolizes the infinite void from which all creation emerges, as explained in the Harivamsa Purana.

शब्दार्थ:
लोहिताक्षः

अर्थ:
लालसर तेजस्वी डोळे असलेला.

विवेचन:
लोहित (Lohita) – लाल, रक्तसदृश रंग, अक्ष (Akṣa) – डोळा. डोळ्यांचा रंग लालसर आहे आणि ते तेजस्वी, प्रखर किंवा लक्षवेधी आहेत.

Meaning:
Lohitaakshah (लोहिताक्षः) – The Red-Eyed Radiant Lord
From *lohita* (red, copper-colored) + *aksha* (eye); "The Red-Eyed One" — His eyes have a reddish luster, indicating divine power, compassion, and the fire of cosmic knowledge.

Simple Meaning:
The One with reddish, radiant eyes.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The reddish hue of the Lord’s eyes symbolizes intensity, alertness, and divine energy. In sacred symbolism, red represents power, vitality, and active compassion. The Vishnu Sahasranama includes this name to express the Lord’s dynamic presence — ever watchful and responsive to the world.

This reminds devotees that the Divine is not passive, but actively engaged in protecting dharma and guiding creation.

Spiritual Message:
Lohita means red, and Akṣa means eye. The red, glowing eyes signify divine brilliance and penetrating vision. They represent both fierce protection against negativity and deep compassion toward devotees.

Thus, Lohitākṣaḥ reveals the Supreme as powerful yet caring — whose intense, radiant gaze reflects strength, vigilance, and boundless divine awareness.

शब्दार्थ:
प्रतर्दनः

अर्थ:
दुष्टांचा नाश करणारा.

विवेचन:
जो पापी, दुष्ट किंवा अन्याय करणाऱ्यांचा नाश करतो.

Meaning:
Pratardanaḥ (प्रतर्दनः) – The Destroyer of Evil
From *pra* + *tardana* (destroyer, piercer); "The Great Destroyer of Evil" — He Who pierces through and destroys all that is wicked, unjust, or opposed to cosmic order.

Simple Meaning:
The One who destroys the wicked.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Whenever injustice and unrighteousness rise, the Divine acts to restore balance. In the Bhagavad Gita (4.8), the Lord declares that He appears to protect the virtuous and destroy evildoers. Pratardanaḥ reflects this protective and corrective aspect of the Supreme.

This name reassures devotees that adharma never prevails forever — divine justice ultimately triumphs.

Spiritual Message:
Pratardanaḥ signifies the One who removes negativity, arrogance, and harmful forces that disturb cosmic harmony. His destruction is not driven by anger, but by compassion and righteousness — clearing the path for truth and virtue to flourish.

Thus, Pratardanaḥ reveals the Divine as the upholder of justice — the powerful force that eliminates evil and restores dharma in the world.

शब्दार्थ:
प्रभूतः

अर्थ:
ऐश्वर्याने परिपूर्ण.

विवेचन:
जो संपत्ती, वैभव आणि ऐश्वर्याने पूर्ण आहे.

Meaning:
Prabhoota(प्रभूतः) –The One who is abundantly glorious and filled with limitless wealth.
From *pra* + *bhoota* (fully manifest, abundantly real); "He Who Is Abundantly Full and Complete" — overflowing with all virtues, all power, all knowledge; lacking nothing whatsoever.

Simple Meaning:
Prabhūtaḥ signifies the Supreme Being who is complete in every form of prosperity — material, spiritual, intellectual, and divine. He lacks nothing and possesses everything in fullness. His opulence is not limited to wealth alone but includes wisdom, power, compassion, beauty, and sovereignty.

Mythology / Philosophy:
In the Bhagavad Gita (Chapter 10), the Lord describes His divine manifestations (Vibhutis), explaining that all splendor, strength, and greatness in the world arise from a fraction of His glory. The Vishnu Sahasranama includes this name to emphasize His infinite abundance and completeness.

Spiritual Message:
True prosperity lies not merely in external riches but in divine connection. By remembering Prabhūtaḥ, we understand that all blessings flow from the Supreme. Cultivating gratitude and devotion aligns us with the inexhaustible source of abundance.

शब्दार्थ:
त्रिककुब्धाम

अर्थ:
तिन्ही लोकांचे आधारस्थान.

विवेचन:
स्वर्ग, पृथ्वी आणि अधोलोक या तिन्ही लोकांचा आधार.

Meaning:
Trikakub-dhaama (त्रिककुब्धाम) – The One who is the foundation of the three realms.
From *tri* (three) + *kakub* (directions/peaks) + *dhaama* (abode/light); "The Light and Abode of the Three Directions" — He pervades and illumines all three regions: the upper, middle, and lower worlds.

Simple Meaning:
Trikakub refers to the three regions — heaven (Svarga), earth (Bhūmi), and the netherworld (Pātāla). Dhāma means abode or support. This name signifies the Supreme as the sustaining base upon which all three worlds exist and function.

Mythology / Philosophy:
In the Vishnu Sahasranama, this name glorifies the Lord as the cosmic support of all realms. The Vedic worldview describes existence as structured into multiple planes, yet all of them rest upon the one Supreme Reality. Just as beads are strung on a thread, the worlds are sustained by Him — a truth also echoed in the Bhagavad Gita (7.7).

Spiritual Message:
In many Puranic descriptions, the Lord sustains the universe effortlessly — whether as the cosmic form (Virāṭ Rūpa) holding all realms within Himself, or as the unseen divine foundation that keeps heaven, earth, and the netherworld in balance. Just as a mighty pillar silently supports a grand structure, the Supreme upholds the three worlds without strain, remaining steady and eternal.

शब्दार्थ:
पवित्रम्

अर्थ:
जो स्वतः परम पवित्र आहे.

विवेचन:
स्वतः शुद्ध, निष्कलंक आणि पवित्र; सर्व पापापासून मुक्त.

Meaning:
Pavitram (पवित्रम्) – The One who is supremely pure and stainless.
Directly, "The Purifier, the Most Sacred" — His very name, His remembrance, His touch purifies all sin and impurity; He is the holiest of all that is holy.

Simple Meaning:
Pavitraṁ signifies absolute purity. The Supreme is untouched by sin, defect, or impurity. While the world undergoes change and contamination, He remains eternally pure, flawless, and self-luminous.

Mythology / Philosophy:
In the Bhagavad Gita (10.12), Arjuna addresses the Lord as the “Supreme Pure.” The Vishnu Sahasranama includes this name to emphasize that the Divine is not only pure but also the purifier of all who remember Him.

Spiritual Message:
In many sacred narratives, even a sinner becomes purified by remembering or chanting the Lord’s name. The story of Ajāmila in the Bhagavata Purana tells how merely calling out the divine name at the moment of death absolved him of his past sins. Such stories illustrate that the Lord, being Pavitraṁ, purifies all who turn toward Him with sincerity.

शब्दार्थ:
मङ्गलम् परम्

अर्थ:
सर्वश्रेष्ठ मंगल स्वरूप.

विवेचन:
सर्वोच्च कल्याणकारी, सर्व सुख व मंगलाचे मूळ.

Meaning:
Maṅgalaṁ Param (मङ्गलम् परम्) – The Highest and Supreme Auspicious Reality.
Directly, "Auspiciousness Itself" — He is not merely auspicious but is the very source of all auspiciousness in the universe; wherever He is, there is blessing.

Simple Meaning:
Maṅgalam means auspiciousness, well-being, and blessedness; Param means supreme or highest. This name signifies that the Divine is the ultimate source of all goodness, harmony, and благessing. Every form of true welfare and happiness originates from Him.

Mythology / Philosophy:
In the Vishnu Sahasranama, the Lord is praised as the embodiment of supreme auspiciousness. The Bhagavad Gita teaches that surrendering to Him leads to ultimate good and liberation (18.66), affirming that He is the highest благessing and refuge.

Spiritual Message:
In many sacred traditions, invoking the Lord’s name marks the beginning of any auspicious event — whether a yajña, marriage, journey, or new endeavor. It is believed that His remembrance removes obstacles and invites благessing. Thus, Maṅgalaṁ Param reflects the faith that where the Divine is remembered, there supreme auspiciousness naturally prevails.

शब्दार्थ:
ईशानः

अर्थ:
संपूर्ण सृष्टीचा शासक.

विवेचन:
ईश्वराचा सर्वाधिक नियंत्रण असलेला रूप, जो सृष्टीच्या तिन्ही लोकांवर (स्वर्ग, पृथ्वी, अधोलोक) शासन करतो.

Meaning:
Eeshanah (ईशानः) – The Sovereign Lord who governs the entire creation.
From *ish* (to rule, to own, to bestow); "The Supreme Ruler and Bestower" — He Who rules over all and graciously bestows boons upon His devotees.

Simple Meaning:
Īśānaḥ signifies the One who exercises supreme authority and control over all realms of existence. He rules over heaven (Svarga), earth (Bhūmi), and the netherworld (Pātāla). His governance is not limited or partial — it is absolute, effortless, and all-pervading.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The Vishnu Sahasranama glorifies Him as the ultimate controller of the cosmos. In the Bhagavad Gita (18.61), it is stated that the Lord dwells in the hearts of all beings and directs their movements, showing that His rulership is both cosmic and internal.

Spiritual Message:
In many sacred narratives, whenever imbalance disturbs the three worlds, the Supreme intervenes to restore order. Whether through divine incarnations or unseen guidance, He ensures that cosmic law prevails. Thus, Īśānaḥ reflects the eternal truth that all realms function under one supreme divine authority.

शब्दार्थ:
प्राणदः

अर्थ:
जीवनशक्ती देणारा.

विवेचन:
प्राण देणारा, जीवनाची ज्योत प्रज्वलित करणारा.निष्प्राण अवस्थेतही नवा प्राण फुंकणारी दिव्य शक्ति.भक्तांच्या आयुष्यात नवीन उर्जा, उमेद, उत्साह निर्माण करणारा.आयुष्यवर्धन, आरोग्य रक्षण करण्याचा दैवी आधार.चैतन्यदायी परमेश्वर.

Meaning:
Prāṇadaḥ (प्राणदः) – The One who bestows life and vital energy.
From *praana* (life-breath, vital energy) + *da* (giver); "The Giver of Life and Vital Energy" — the source of the *praana* that animates all living beings.

Simple Meaning:
Prāṇa means life-breath or vital force, and daḥ means giver. This name signifies the Supreme as the source of all life. He kindles the spark of existence in every being and sustains it through His unseen power. Even in states of weakness or lifelessness, it is His divine energy that restores vitality.

Mythology / Philosophy:
In the Bhagavad Gita (15.13–14), the Lord declares that He sustains all beings and becomes the life-force within them. The Vishnu Sahasranama includes this name to emphasize that every breath flows by His will.

Spiritual Message:
Sacred narratives describe how the Lord revives and protects devotees in moments of danger, restoring life and strength. Whether granting renewed vitality to the weak or sustaining the cosmos with the rhythm of breath, He is the unseen force behind all existence. Thus, Prāṇadaḥ reveals the Divine as the life-giving presence that fills creation with consciousness and energy.

शब्दार्थ:
प्राणः

अर्थ:
जो स्वतःच श्वास (प्राण) आहे.

विवेचन:
शरीरात जोपर्यंत प्राण आहे, तोपर्यंतच जीव जिवंत असतो. हा मूळ प्राण म्हणजेच भगवान विष्णूंचे चैतन्य होय.

Meaning:
Prāṇaḥ (प्राणः) – The One who Himself is the vital life-force.
Directly, "He Who Is Life-Breath Itself" — going beyond giving life, He is the very principle of life, the *praana* that sustains existence in all its forms.

Simple Meaning:
Prāṇaḥ signifies that the Supreme is not merely the giver of life, but life itself. As long as prāṇa (breath) remains in the body, a being lives; when it departs, life ends. This name declares that the essential life-energy within all beings is the Divine presence itself.

Mythology / Philosophy:
In the Bhagavad Gita (7.9), the Lord says, “I am the life in all beings.” The Vishnu Sahasranama includes this name to affirm that the consciousness sustaining every creature is none other than the Supreme Reality.

Spiritual Message:
The Upanishadic teachings describe prāṇa as the chief among all faculties of the body — when prāṇa moves, all functions continue; when it withdraws, everything ceases. In this way, sages recognized that the sustaining breath of life is the Divine itself. Thus, Prāṇaḥ reveals the Lord as the living essence within every heartbeat and every breath.

शब्दार्थ:
ज्येष्ठः

अर्थ:
सर्वांत प्राचीन.

विवेचन:
सर्वात जुना, ज्याच्यापूर्वी काही अस्तित्वात नाही.

Meaning:
Jyeṣṭhaḥ (ज्येष्ठः) – The Eldest and Most Ancient Being.
From *jyeshtha* (eldest, senior, most excellent); "The Eldest, the Most Senior of All" — existing before all things, He is the firstborn of existence, senior to all beings including Brahma.

Simple Meaning:
Jyeṣṭhaḥ means the foremost, the eldest, the one who existed before all. This name signifies that the Supreme precedes all creation. Before time began, before the elements formed, and before any being came into existence, He alone was present.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The Vishnu Sahasranama praises Him as the primordial reality. In the Bhagavad Gita (10.2), the Lord declares that even the gods and sages do not know His origin, for He is the source of them all. This establishes Him as the beginningless origin of everything.

Spiritual Message:
Ancient scriptures describe that before creation unfolded, only the Supreme existed in silent fullness. From Him arose time, space, and the cosmos. Thus, Jyeṣṭhaḥ reflects the eternal truth that the Divine is the first cause — older than the oldest, yet ever-present and unchanging.

शब्दार्थ:
श्रेष्ठः

अर्थ:
सर्वात उत्तम गुणांचा.

विवेचन:
सर्वोत्तम, सर्वश्रेष्ठ गुणांनी संपन्न.

Meaning:
Śreṣṭhaḥ (श्रेष्ठः) – The One who possesses the highest and most excellent qualities.
From *shreshtha* (best, most excellent); "The Best and Most Excellent of All" — not merely elder but supremely superior to all in every quality, virtue, and capacity.

Simple Meaning:
Śreṣṭhaḥ means the best, the most superior, the one who surpasses all in virtue and greatness. The Supreme embodies perfect wisdom, strength, compassion, beauty, and righteousness. No quality exists that is not present in Him in its highest form.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The Vishnu Sahasranama includes this name to declare the Lord as incomparable in excellence. In the Bhagavad Gita (10.41), it is said that wherever there is brilliance, power, or glory, it arises from a spark of His splendor — affirming His supreme status.

Spiritual Message:
Scriptures describe how gods, sages, and devotees alike turn to Him as the highest refuge, recognizing His unsurpassed greatness. Whether in protection, guidance, or grace, He proves to be supreme in every situation. Thus, Śreṣṭhaḥ reveals the Divine as the ultimate ideal — perfect, complete, and beyond comparison.

शब्दार्थ:
प्रजापतिः

अर्थ:
सर्व जीवांचा स्वामी.

विवेचन:
प्रजांचे पालनकर्ता आणि सृष्टीसाठी कार्य करणारा.

Meaning:
Prajāpatiḥ (प्रजापतिः) – The Supreme Lord and Protector of all created beings.
From *prajaapati* (lord of all creatures); "The Lord and Protector of All Creatures" — the divine father-figure who presides over all life and whose protection encompasses every being.

Simple Meaning:
Prajā means creatures, offspring, or all living beings; Pati means lord or master. While the creator-god Brahma is often addressed as Prajāpati in the sense of secondary creator, the Supreme Lord is the ultimate Prajāpati — the source from whom even the creator derives power. Every being, from the highest deity to the smallest organism, exists under His lordship and care.

Mythology / Philosophy:
In the Bhagavad Gita (9.17), the Lord declares, “I am the father of this universe, the mother, the sustainer, and the grandsire.” This establishes Him as the universal parent. The Vishnu Sahasranama includes this name to affirm that all life originates from and is sustained by Him. As Varaha, He rescued the Earth; as Kurma, He supported gods and beings during the cosmic churning — illustrating His guardianship over creation.

Spiritual Message:
Sacred narratives describe how, whenever creation is threatened, the Lord intervenes to protect His “children.” Whether lifting the Earth from cosmic waters or sustaining the balance of nature, He acts not as a distant ruler but as a compassionate guardian. As Prajāpatiḥ, He watches over every creature, ensuring the continuity, nourishment, and spiritual evolution of all life.

शब्दार्थ:
हिरण्यगर्भः

अर्थ:
ब्रह्मांडाच्या उत्पत्तीचे सुवर्ण कारण.

विवेचन:
सृष्टीचा मूळ बीज पुरुष

Meaning:
Hiranyagarbhaḥ (हिरण्यगर्भः) – The Golden Womb; the luminous source from which the universe emerged.
From *hiranya* (golden) + *garbha* (womb/egg); "The Golden Womb, the Cosmic Egg" — the primordial golden embryo from which the entire universe hatched at the beginning of creation; the original creative intelligence.

Simple Meaning:
Hiraṇya means golden (radiant), and Garbha means womb or embryo. This name symbolizes the primordial cosmic seed — the radiant source containing all creation in potential form. It represents the subtle, luminous origin from which the entire universe unfolds.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The concept of Hiranyagarbha first appears in the Rig Veda (10.121), describing the cosmic embryo that arose at the beginning of creation. Later, texts such as the Vishnu Purana elaborate that the Supreme Lord manifested as the golden cosmic egg, within which Brahmā appeared and creation began. In Vedantic thought, Hiranyagarbha also represents the universal subtle consciousness — the collective cosmic mind from which all forms arise.

Spiritual Message:
At the dawn of creation, when nothing else existed, the Supreme manifested as a radiant golden egg floating in the causal waters. From this luminous womb emerged the creator and the worlds. Thus, Hiranyagarbhaḥ reveals the Divine as the brilliant cosmic source — holding the entire universe within Himself before it comes into being.

शब्दार्थ:
भूगर्भः

अर्थ:
पृथ्वीला पोटात सांभाळणारा.

विवेचन:
पृथ्वीला पोषण देणारा, तिचा रक्षक, स्थिरतेचा आणि जीवनाचा आधार.

Meaning:
Bhūgarbhaḥ (भूगर्भः) - The Womb of the Earth
From *bhoo* (earth) + *garbha* (womb/bearer); "He Who Bears the Earth in His Womb" or "He Who Is the Womb of the Earth" — the cosmic ground that contains and supports the earth and all its creatures.

Simple Meaning:
He who holds the earth in His womb; the supporter of the world

Mythology / Philosophy:
While Hiranyagarbha represents cosmic creation, Bhūgarbha specifically relates to earth/physical manifestation. God contains the material world within Himself like a mother carrying a child. This teaches that matter isn't separate from spirit - the physical earth exists within divine consciousness. For environmental ethics, it sanctifies the earth as existing within God's womb, demanding reverent care.

Spiritual Message:
The Varaha (boar) avatar perfectly demonstrates Bhūgarbha - Vishnu dove into cosmic waters, found earth at the bottom, and lifted it on His tusks, quite literally carrying earth in His embrace/womb. The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 3, Chapters 13-19) tells this story in detail. The Vishnu Purana shows that during cosmic dissolution (pralaya), earth dissolves back into Vishnu's bhūgarbha (earth-womb), resting there until the next creation cycle - eternal gestation and rebirth.

शब्दार्थ:
माधवः

अर्थ:
लक्ष्मीचा पती.

विवेचन:
लक्ष्मीचा (माया/श्री) धनी—श्रीपति.मधुरता, सौंदर्य, माधुर्य आणि करुणा यांचे मिलन.कृष्णाचे अत्यंत सुंदर नाव — प्रेमाचा सर्वोच्च प्रवाह.मधुचा नाश करणारा—अधर्माचा संहारक.धर्म, श्री आणि सौंदर्याचे प्रतीक.

Meaning:
Mādhavaḥ (माधवः) – The Lord of Lakshmi; the embodiment of sweetness and divine beauty.
From *Madhu* (the spring season, sweetness, or the demon Madhu) + *va*; or from *Maa* (Lakshmi) + *dhava* (lord/husband); "The Lord of Lakshmi" or "He Who Is Sweet as Honey" — the most beloved spouse of the goddess of grace and prosperity.

Simple Meaning:
Mā refers to Lakshmi (Śrī), the goddess of wealth and prosperity, and dhava means husband or lord — thus Mādhavaḥ means “the consort of Lakshmi” (Śrīpati). The name also conveys sweetness (mādhurya), charm, compassion, and divine grace. Additionally, it signifies the destroyer of the demon Madhu, symbolizing the removal of ignorance and adharma.

Mythology / Philosophy:
In the Vishnu Sahasranama, Mādhavaḥ highlights the inseparable unity of the Lord and Lakshmi — power and prosperity resting eternally with Him. In the Bhagavad Gita, Arjuna frequently addresses Krishna as Mādhava, acknowledging Him as the Lord of divine fortune and righteousness. The slaying of the demon Madhu further symbolizes His role as the destroyer of evil and protector of dharma.

Spiritual Message:
When chaos and demonic forces like Madhu threatened cosmic order, the Lord intervened and restored balance, earning the name Mādhava. At the same time, as the beloved of Lakshmi, He embodies beauty, harmony, and auspiciousness. Devotees cherish this name especially in relation to Krishna, seeing in Mādhava the supreme flow of divine love and sweetness that uplifts the heart and destroys inner darkness.

शब्दार्थ:
मधुसूदनः

अर्थ:
मधु दैत्याचा वध करणारा.

विवेचन:
पापाचा नाश करणारा, धर्मस्थापनेचा रक्षक, ईश्वराचा तेजस्वी आणि न्यायप्रिय रूप.

Meaning:
Madhusūdanaḥ (मधुसूदनः) – The Destroyer of the demon Madhu.
From *Madhu* (the demon Madhu) + *soodana* (slayer/destroyer); "The Slayer of the Demon Madhu" — a direct reference to His act of killing the demon Madhu who stole the Vedas, thereby restoring cosmic knowledge.

Simple Meaning:
Madhu was a powerful asura (demon), and sūdana means destroyer. This name signifies the Lord as the vanquisher of evil forces. Beyond the literal meaning, Madhu also symbolizes ignorance, ego, and unrighteous tendencies within the heart. Thus, Madhusūdanaḥ represents the Divine power that eliminates sin and restores righteousness.

Mythology / Philosophy:
According to the Mahabharata and various Puranic accounts, the Lord slew the demons Madhu and Kaitabha who emerged from cosmic darkness and threatened creation. In the Bhagavad Gita, Arjuna addresses Krishna as Madhusūdana, invoking Him as the destroyer of evil and protector of dharma.

Spiritual Message:
At the beginning of creation, the demons Madhu and Kaitabha attempted to overpower Brahmā and disrupt cosmic order. The Lord manifested in His radiant form and destroyed them, safeguarding the universe. Symbolically, this story teaches that whenever ignorance and adharma rise, the Divine intervenes — both in the world and within the human heart — to reestablish truth and righteousness.

शब्दार्थ:
ईश्वरः

अर्थ:
सर्वशक्तिमान.

विवेचन:
सृष्टीतील प्रत्येक घटक, प्रत्येक प्राणी आणि प्रत्येक घटना त्याच्या नियंत्रणाखाली आहे, पण तो सर्वज्ञानी, दयाळू आणि न्यायप्रिय आहे.

Meaning:
Eeshvarah (ईश्वरः) literally means “The Supreme Ruler” or “The Almighty Lord.”
Repeated from name 36; "The Supreme Controller" — its repetition here emphasizes that no matter how many qualities and names are explored, the core truth remains His absolute sovereignty over all.

Simple Meaning:
Īśvaraḥ means the All-Powerful Lord under whose control exists every element of creation, every living being, and every event in the universe. He is omniscient, compassionate, and perfectly just.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Īśvara is the Creator, Sustainer, and Dissolver of the universe. He pervades everything and governs the cosmic order (dharma), granting results to beings according to their actions (karma).

Spiritual Message:
In various sacred narratives, the Lord incarnates in different forms to destroy evil, protect righteousness, and restore balance in the universe, responding to the sincere prayers of His devotees.

शब्दार्थ:
विक्रमी

अर्थ:
पराक्रमी.

विवेचन:
ज्याचे पाय (क्रम) विशेष आहेत (त्रिविक्रम). त्याच्या पराक्रमाची सीमा नाही, त्याने आपल्या शक्तीने अशक्य गोष्टी शक्य केल्या आहेत.

Meaning:
Vikramee (विक्रमी) – The Valiant One; The Mighty Strider.
From *vi* (specially) + *krama* (step, valor); "He of Extraordinary Valor and Stride" — celebrated for His cosmic three strides as Vamana that covered the entire universe, and for His fearless valor in all endeavors.

Simple Meaning:
Vikramī means the Valiant and Mighty One. It refers to the Lord whose strides are extraordinary and limitless, symbolizing unmatched courage, strength, and divine power. Nothing is impossible for Him.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The name Vikramī is closely associated with the Trivikrama form of the Lord, representing His cosmic stride that encompasses the entire universe. Philosophically, it signifies the Supreme Being whose power transcends space, time, and all limitations.

Spiritual Message:
During King Bali’s sacrifice, the Lord incarnated as Vāmana, the dwarf Brahmin. After asking for three steps of land, He assumed the विशाल Trivikrama form and covered the earth in one step and the heavens in the second. With this divine act, He demonstrated His infinite power and restored cosmic order.

शब्दार्थ:
धन्वी

अर्थ:
धनुष्य धारण करणारा.

विवेचन:
धर्मासाठी संघर्ष करण्याची क्षमता आणि अधर्माचा नाश करण्याची क्षमता अस्तित्वात आहे.

Meaning:
Dhanvee (धन्वी) – The Bearer of the Bow.
From *dhanva* (bow); "He Who Wields the Divine Bow" — the supreme archer, bearer of the sacred bow *Sharanga*, whose arrows never miss their mark.

Simple Meaning:
Dhanvī means the One who holds the bow. It signifies the divine readiness and power to fight for righteousness (dharma) and to destroy evil and injustice.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The bow symbolizes strength, focus, and protection. As Dhanvī, the Lord represents the defender of cosmic order, always prepared to uphold dharma and eliminate adharma.

Spiritual Message:
In His incarnations such as Lord Rāma, the Lord carried the divine bow and used it to defeat powerful demons and protect sages and devotees, thereby restoring righteousness and peace.

शब्दार्थ:
मेधावी

अर्थ:
अत्यंत बुद्धिमान.

विवेचन:
ज्ञान, विवेक आणि बुद्धीमत्तेचा वापर जीवनात कसा करावा हे ईश्वर किंवा अवतार आपल्याला शिकवतो.

Meaning:
Medhaavee (मेधावी) – The Supremely Intelligent One.
From *medhaa* (superior intelligence, wisdom, memory); "He of Supreme Intelligence and Wisdom" — His knowledge is perfect and complete, the source of all intelligence in the cosmos.

Simple Meaning:
Medhāvī means the One who possesses extraordinary intelligence and wisdom. It signifies perfect knowledge, sharp intellect, and the ability to apply wisdom appropriately in every situation.

Mythology / Philosophy:
the Lord is the source of all knowledge (jnāna) and discrimination (viveka). As Medhāvī, He guides humanity on how to use wisdom, understanding, and discernment rightly in life.

Spiritual Message:
Through His various incarnations and teachings—such as guiding Arjuna on the battlefield—He demonstrates how intelligence and wisdom should be applied to uphold dharma and make righteous decisions.

शब्दार्थ:
विक्रमः

अर्थ:
विश्वाला पावलांनी मोजणारा.

विवेचन:
ईश्वर किंवा अवतार सर्वत्र उपस्थित आहे, सर्व जगाचे पालन, नियंत्रण आणि संरक्षण त्याच्या सामर्थ्यात आहे.

Meaning:
Vikramah (विक्रमः) – The One Who Measured the Universe with His Steps.

Simple Meaning:
Vikramaḥ refers to the Lord whose strides encompass the entire universe. It signifies His supreme power, all-pervasiveness, and divine authority over creation, sustenance, and protection of all worlds.

Mythology / Philosophy:
This name is associated with the Trivikrama form of the Lord, symbolizing that the Supreme Being is present everywhere and transcends all limitations of space and time. Philosophically, it represents His cosmic sovereignty and boundless might.

Spiritual Message:
In the Vāmana incarnation, the Lord asked King Bali for three steps of land. Expanding into the magnificent Trivikrama form, He covered the earth with one step and the heavens with the second, demonstrating that the entire universe exists within His divine stride.

शब्दार्थ:
क्रमः

अर्थ:
जो प्रगतीचे कारण आहे.

विवेचन:
संपूर्ण सृष्टीमध्ये नियम, व्यवस्था आणि प्रगती यामागे ईश्वराची सूक्ष्म व्यवस्था आहे.

Meaning:
Kramah (क्रमः) – The Principle of Order and Progress.
From *krama* (step, order, sequence); "He Who Is the Ordered Sequence" or "The Systematic One" — all orderly progression in creation, all cosmic sequence and evolution, flows from Him.

Simple Meaning:
Kramaḥ means the One who is the cause of progression and orderly movement. It signifies the divine principle behind sequence, discipline, and systematic development in the universe.

Mythology / Philosophy:
the universe does not function randomly; it operates through divine order (ṛta/dharma). As Kramaḥ, the Lord represents the subtle intelligence that maintains cosmic law, harmony, and continuous evolution.

Spiritual Message:
Through the cycles of creation, preservation, and dissolution, the Lord ensures that everything unfolds in proper order and timing. The rising of the sun, the changing of seasons, and the moral law of karma all reflect His unseen yet perfect arrangement.

शब्दार्थ:
अनुत्तमः

अर्थ:
ज्याच्यापेक्षा श्रेष्ठ कोणीही नाही.

विवेचन:
सर्व गुणांचा सर्वोच्च संगम ईश्वरात आहे, ज्याच्याकडे भक्त शरण गेले तरी तोच अंतिम सुरक्षा, मार्गदर्शन आणि ज्ञान देतो.

Meaning:
Anuttamaḥ (अनुत्तमः) – The One Above Whom There Is None.
From *an* (not) + *uttama* (highest); "He Than Whom Nothing Is Higher" — the absolute ceiling of excellence; no being, quality, or concept surpasses Him.

Simple Meaning:
Anuttamaḥ means the Supreme Being beyond whom no one is greater. It signifies absolute supremacy, perfection, and the highest embodiment of all divine qualities.

Mythology / Philosophy:
the Lord is considered the ultimate reality (Parabrahman), the source of all virtues, power, knowledge, and compassion. As Anuttamaḥ, He is the final refuge for devotees, granting protection, guidance, and spiritual wisdom.

Spiritual Message:
In many sacred narratives, gods, sages, and devotees ultimately surrender to Him when faced with challenges, recognizing that no higher power exists. Through their surrender, they receive divine grace, protection, and liberation.

शब्दार्थ:
दुराधर्षः

अर्थ:
ज्याला कोणीही जिंकू शकत नाही.

विवेचन:
संपूर्ण सृष्टीतील कोणतीही शक्ती किंवा संकट त्याला पराभूत करू शकत नाही.

Meaning:
Durādharṣaḥ (दुराधर्षः) – The Invincible One.
From *dur* (difficult) + *aadharsham* (to be overcome, overpowered); "He Who Cannot Be Overcome or Conquered" — invincible by nature, no force in any world can subdue or challenge Him.

Simple Meaning:
Durādharṣaḥ means the One who cannot be conquered or overcome. It signifies absolute strength and supreme authority beyond the reach of any opposing force.

Mythology / Philosophy:
the Lord is the ultimate power behind all energies in the universe. No force, being, or circumstance can defeat Him. His supremacy ensures the protection of dharma and the stability of cosmic order.

Spiritual Message:
In many sacred narratives, even the mightiest demons and cosmic forces fail before Him. Whenever evil rises, the Lord manifests in various forms and proves His invincibility by restoring righteousness and balance to the universe.

शब्दार्थ:
कृतज्ञः

अर्थ:
भक्तांच्या छोट्या सेवेचीही जाण ठेवणारा.

विवेचन:
भक्त जर केवळ एक पान किंवा फूल प्रेमाने अर्पण करत असेल, तरी भगवान त्याचा मोठा सत्कार करतात. भक्ताचे उपकार मानणारा तो अत्यंत दयाळू ईश्वर आहे.

Meaning:
Kritajnah (कृतज्ञः) – The Grateful and Appreciative One.
From *krita* (done, action performed) + *jna* (knower); "He Who Knows All That Has Been Done" — He Who is aware of every act of devotion, every deed of virtue, and remembers all with perfect gratitude.

Simple Meaning:
Kṛtajñaḥ means the One who recognizes and values even the smallest act of devotion. He lovingly accepts even a simple offering made with sincerity and pure heart.

Mythology / Philosophy:
the Lord looks not at the material value of an offering, but at the devotion (bhakti) behind it. A leaf, a flower, a fruit, or even water offered with love is dear to Him. As Kṛtajñaḥ, He remembers and honors every sincere act of devotion.

Spiritual Message:
In sacred narratives, the Lord gladly accepts humble offerings from devotees—whether it is simple food, a small gift, or a heartfelt prayer—and in return grants immense grace, protection, and blessings, showing His compassionate and grateful nature.

शब्दार्थ:
कृतिः

अर्थ:
जो कर्माचे फळ आहे.

विवेचन:
संपूर्ण सृष्टीत कर्माचे नियम पाळले जातात आणि प्रत्येक कृतीचे फल निश्चित आहे.

Meaning:
Kritih (कृतिः) – The Result of Action; The Embodiment of Deeds.
From *kri* (to do, to perform); "He Who Is the Very Act of Doing" or "He Who Is All Righteous Action Itself" — virtue and right action are not separate from Him but identical with His nature.

Simple Meaning:
Kṛtiḥ means the One who is Himself the fruit of action and the basis of all results. It signifies that in the entire creation, the law of karma operates unfailingly, and every action inevitably bears its appropriate result.

Mythology / Philosophy:
the principle of karma (action and its consequence) is divinely governed. The Lord, as Kṛtiḥ, is the ultimate ground in which all actions manifest and yield results. Nothing occurs without cause, and every deed—good or bad—produces a definite outcome under His cosmic order.

Spiritual Message:
Sacred narratives consistently demonstrate that beings experience the results of their actions across lifetimes. Whether kings, sages, or common people, all are bound by karma, and through righteous action and devotion, they attain divine grace and liberation under His supreme law.

शब्दार्थ:
आत्मवान्

अर्थ:
जो स्वतःच्या महिमात स्थिर आहे.

विवेचन:
सर्व शक्ती, ज्ञान आणि संतुलन स्वतःच्या अंतर्गत स्वरूपात आहे, बाह्य वातावरणावर अवलंबून नाही.

Meaning:
Ātmavān (आत्मवान् ) – The Self-Possessed; The One Established in His Own Glory.
From *atma* (self/soul) + *vaan* (possessor); "He Who Is the Master of His Own Self" or "He Who Is the Soul of All Souls" — perfectly self-possessed, the sovereign of all individual selves.

Simple Meaning:
Ātmavān means the One who is firmly established in His own divine nature. All power, knowledge, and perfect balance exist inherently within Him, independent of any external condition or support.

Mythology / Philosophy:
the Supreme Being is self-existent (svayam-siddha) and self-luminous. He does not depend on anything outside Himself for strength, wisdom, or stability. As Ātmavān, He represents complete inner sovereignty, perfect awareness, and unshakable equilibriu

Spiritual Message:
Sacred texts describe the Lord as remaining ever-composed and self-controlled even amidst cosmic creation, preservation, and dissolution. Regardless of circumstances, He abides in His own eternal glory, demonstrating absolute mastery over Himself and the universe.

शब्दार्थ:
सुरेशः

अर्थ:
देवांचा राजा.

विवेचन:
देवांचा अधिपती—इंद्रादिक देवांच्या वरचा देव.सर्व देवांचे अधिष्ठान, त्यांच्या शक्तींचा स्रोत.देवतांचे मार्गदर्शन करणारा.स्वर्गाच्या राज्याचा सर्वोच्च राजा.दैवी अधिकाराचा प्रधान स्वामी.

Meaning:
Sureshah (सुरेशः) – The Lord of the Devas; The Supreme King of the Gods.
From *sura* (god) + *isha* (lord); "The Lord of All the Gods" — the sovereign over all divine beings, the god of gods before whom even the greatest devas bow.

Simple Meaning:
Sureśaḥ means the supreme ruler of the devas (celestial beings). He is the Lord above Indra and all other gods, the foundation of their powers, and the ultimate source of their strength and authority. He is the supreme sovereign of the heavenly realms.

Mythology / Philosophy:
while Indra is considered the king of heaven, the Supreme Lord is regarded as the Lord of all gods. The devas derive their powers from Him and function under His divine will. As Sureśaḥ, He is the supreme controller, guide, and sustainer of all celestial forces.

Spiritual Message:
In many sacred narratives, when the devas are overpowered by demons, they approach the Supreme Lord for protection. He then incarnates or intervenes to restore balance, demonstrating that He alone is the highest ruler and protector of both heaven and earth.

शब्दार्थ:
शरणम्

अर्थ:
भक्तांना आश्रय देणारा.

विवेचन:
शरणागतीचे परम धाम.भक्तांच्या सर्व भयांचे विलयन जिथे होते—तेच त्याचे आश्रय.तोच एकमेव सुरक्षितता, तोच शांतीचा महासागर.संपूर्ण विश्वासाठी एकच खरा आसरा."शरणम्" म्हणजे मुक्तीचा दरवाजा.

Meaning:
Sharanam(शरणम्) – The Ultimate Refuge; The Divine Shelter.
Directly, "The Refuge, the Shelter" — He is the ultimate refuge for all beings in distress; there is no safer haven in all of existence than surrender at His feet.

Simple Meaning:
Śaraṇam means the One who grants refuge to devotees. He is the supreme abode of surrender, where all fears dissolve and complete safety is assured. He alone is the true protection and the ocean of peace for all beings.

Mythology / Philosophy:
taking refuge (śaraṇāgati) in the Lord is considered the highest spiritual path. As Śaraṇam, He is the final sanctuary for the soul, the one secure refuge for the entire universe, and the gateway to liberation (moksha).

Spiritual Message:
Sacred narratives describe devotees surrendering completely to the Lord in times of distress. Upon sincere surrender, He protects them from danger, removes their fears, and ultimately grants spiritual freedom—revealing Himself as the eternal refuge of all.

शब्दार्थ:
शर्म

अर्थ:
जो स्वतःच सुखरूप आहे.

विवेचन:
सच्चा आनंद बाह्य परिस्थितींवर अवलंबून नसतो, तो स्वतःच्या स्वरूपातून उद्भवतो.

Meaning:
Sharma (शर्म) – The Embodiment of Bliss; The Source of True Happiness.
From *sharman* (bliss, joy, comfort, shelter); "The Abode of Supreme Bliss and Comfort" — His very nature is unalloyed joy; seeking shelter in Him, beings find perfect peace.

Simple Meaning:
Śarma means the One who is Himself the very form of happiness and peace. True joy does not depend on external circumstances but arises from His own divine nature.

Mythology / Philosophy:
ultimate bliss (ānanda) is intrinsic to the Supreme Being. Worldly pleasures are temporary, but divine bliss is eternal and self-existent. As Śarma, He represents the supreme state of inner peace and everlasting happiness that devotees attain through devotion and realization.

Spiritual Message:
Sacred texts describe devotees who, upon realizing the Lord and surrendering to Him, experience profound inner peace and bliss independent of worldly ups and downs, discovering that He alone is the true and eternal happiness.

शब्दार्थ:
विश्वरेताः

अर्थ:
विश्वाचे मूळ कारण.

विवेचन:
संपूर्ण सृष्टीची उत्पत्ती, विकास आणि नाश यामागे ईश्वराची अंतर्निहित व्यवस्था आहे.

Meaning:
Viśvaretāḥ (विश्वरेताः) – The Seed and Origin of the Universe.
From *vishva* (universe) + *retaas* (seed, semen, creative energy); "The Cosmic Seed of the Universe" — the primordial creative energy from which the entire cosmos springs.

Simple Meaning:
Viśvaretāḥ means the One who is the primordial cause of the entire universe. The creation, sustenance, and dissolution of all existence arise from His inherent divine order and power.

Mythology / Philosophy:
The Lord is both the material and efficient cause of creation. He is the cosmic seed (bīja) from which the universe manifests.In the Bhagavad Gita (14.3–4), the Lord declares that He places the seed of life into the womb of Prakṛti (nature), and from that union all beings are born.Also in Gita 9.10, He states:
"Under My supervision, material nature produces the moving and the unmoving beings."These verses affirm that He is the ultimate source and governing principle behind all creation.

Spiritual Message:
Sacred texts describe creation emerging from the Supreme at the beginning of each cosmic cycle and dissolving back into Him at its end. Thus, He remains the eternal source, sustainer, and final resting place of the universe.

शब्दार्थ:
प्रजाभवः

अर्थ:
सर्व प्रजांचा उत्पत्तीकर्ता.

विवेचन:
सर्व प्रजांचा (जीवांचा) कारणभूत.जीवांची निर्मिती, वाढ, जीवन—सर्व त्यावर अवलंबून.प्रजांची काळजी घेणारा पोषणकर्ता.संसारातील सर्व जीव-जंतूंना आशीर्वाद देणारा.जीवनचक्रातील आधारस्तंभ.

Meaning:
Prajaa-bhavah (प्रजाभवः) – The Source of All Beings
From *prajaah* (all creatures/progeny) + *bhava* (source/origin); "He From Whom All Creatures Take Their Birth" — the divine progenitor of all species of life throughout all worlds.

Simple Meaning:
The originator of all creatures; the source from whom all beings arise.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Prajābhavaḥ teaches that all life—human, animal, celestial, and microscopic—has its origin in the Divine. Every being depends on Him for birth, growth, sustenance, and continuation. He is not only the creator but also the nurturer who sustains the life cycle. This name emphasizes divine responsibility and care: existence is not accidental but supported by a conscious cosmic intelligence. It also reminds us that all beings are interconnected through one supreme source.

Spiritual Message:
In Purāṇic cosmology, at the beginning of creation, the Supreme Lord brings forth Brahmā, who then creates various prajās (living beings). Yet Brahmā himself acts under the will of the Supreme. Scriptures describe that throughout each cosmic cycle, beings emerge from Him, live sustained by His power, and finally return to Him at dissolution (pralaya). Thus, He remains the eternal source and foundation of all life.

शब्दार्थ:
अहः

अर्थ:
जो प्रकाश स्वरूप आहे.

विवेचन:
ईश्वर किंवा आत्मा स्वतःच प्रकाशमय आहे, जो अज्ञान, अंधकार आणि अंधश्रद्धेवर प्रभुत्व करतो.

Meaning:
Ahaḥ (अहः) – The Embodiment of Divine Light
From *ahan* (day, daylight); "He Who Is the Day" or "He Who Is the Self-Luminous Light of Consciousness" — like the day that makes all things visible, He illumines all of existence with His consciousness.

Simple Meaning:
He who is the very form of light; the radiant source of illumination.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Ahaḥ signifies the Divine as pure light—both physical and spiritual. Just as daylight removes darkness, the Lord dispels ignorance (avidyā), confusion, and false beliefs. This name teaches that true illumination comes from inner spiritual awareness, not merely external knowledge. The Divine light represents consciousness itself—the power that makes perception, understanding, and wisdom possible.In the Bhagavad Gita (13.17), the Lord is described as “the Light of all lights, beyond darkness.” Similarly, Gita 15.6 declares that His supreme abode is self-luminous, needing neither sun nor moon—emphasizing His nature as ultimate spiritual radiance.

Spiritual Message:
The revelation of the Bhagavad Gita perfectly demonstrates Ahaḥ. On the battlefield of Kurukṣetra, Arjuna was overwhelmed by confusion and moral darkness. Krishna dispelled that inner darkness by imparting divine knowledge, illuminating Arjuna’s understanding like the rising sun removes night.In the Gita (Chapter 11), during the Viśvarūpa Darśana (Universal Form), the Lord’s radiance is described as brighter than thousands of suns rising at once—symbolizing His supreme spiritual light.The Upaniṣadic teaching also echoes this truth: the sun, moon, and fire shine by His light alone—He is the Light behind all lights, eternally self-effulgent.

शब्दार्थ:
संवत्सरः

अर्थ:
काळ स्वरूप.

विवेचन:
संपूर्ण सृष्टीत सर्व घटना कालाच्या नियमानुसार घडतात, आणि ईश्वर हा त्या कालरूपात स्थिर आहे.

Meaning:
Saṁvatsaraḥ (संवत्सरः) – The Embodiment of Time (The Year)
From *sam* (fully) + *vatsara* (year, time); "He Who Is the Year, the Cycle of Time Itself" — the full cycle of time — days, months, seasons, years — is His very body; He is time's complete revolution.

Simple Meaning:
He who is Time itself; the divine principle governing the cycle of the year.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Saṁvatsaraḥ signifies the Lord as the controller and essence of time. All events in creation unfold according to the law of time—birth, growth, decay, and dissolution. Time is not independent; it functions under divine authority. This name teaches that the Supreme pervades temporal cycles and remains constant while all things change. In the Bhagavad Gita (10.30), Krishna declares, “Among reckoners, I am Time.” In Gita 11.32, He reveals, “Time (Kāla) am I, the destroyer of worlds.” These verses affirm that time itself is a manifestation of the Divine.

Spiritual Message:
The Universal Form (Viśvarūpa) revealed to Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita vividly demonstrates Saṁvatsaraḥ. In that vision, Arjuna saw all beings entering into the Lord as time devours everything. Creation, preservation, and destruction were unfolding simultaneously within Him. The Purāṇas also describe cosmic cycles (yugas, kalpas, and years of Brahmā) all moving under His eternal supervision—He remains unchanged while time endlessly rotates within His being.

शब्दार्थ:
व्यालः

अर्थ:
जो सर्पाप्रमाणे (अथवा कोणालाही न कळणारा) आहे.

विवेचन:
ईश्वर किंवा ब्रह्माचे स्वरूप सर्वव्यापी, अदृश्य आणि गूढ आहे, ज्याला फक्त आध्यात्मिक साधना, ध्यान किंवा अंतर्मुखी अभ्यासातून समजले जाऊ शकते.

Meaning:
Vyālaḥ (व्यालः) - The Serpent
From *vyala* (serpent, one who is difficult to grasp); "He Who Is Difficult to Grasp, Like a Serpent" — slippery to conceptual understanding, He cannot be easily seized by the ordinary mind; or He Who moves with the grace and swiftness of a serpent.

Simple Meaning:
The ungraspable serpent-like one (repeated from #122)

Mythology / Philosophy:
This mysterious name repeats to maintain healthy spiritual uncertainty. God remains ultimately mysterious, ungraspable by intellect alone - like trying to hold a serpent. The repetition prevents spiritual arrogance - no matter how much we know, mystery remains. It teaches that some divine aspects require experience beyond conceptual understanding.

Spiritual Message:
The cosmic serpent Ananta Shesha on whom Vishnu reclines represents this Vyāla nature - infinite (Ananta), supporting yet unfathomable. The Bhagavata Purana tells how even Brahma couldn't comprehend Vishnu's extent, getting lost trying to find His lotus-navel's source - demonstrating divine Vyāla nature eluding even the creator's understanding. The Katha Upanishad warns that the Self is subtler than subtle, harder to grasp than grasping wind - the Vyāla principle.

शब्दार्थ:
प्रत्ययः

अर्थ:
जो प्रत्यक्ष ज्ञानाचा विषय आहे.

विवेचन:
सत्याचे ज्ञान फक्त प्रत्यक्ष अनुभवातून मिळते, शब्दांद्वारे किंवा इंद्रियांच्या माध्यमातून नाही.

Meaning:
Pratyayaḥ (प्रत्ययः) - The Foundation of Faith
From *prati* (toward) + *aya* (going); "He Who Is the Basis, the Very Ground of Cognition" — all knowledge, all certainty, and all understanding ultimately rest in Him as their foundation.

Simple Meaning:
The basis of all certainty (repeated from #123)

Mythology / Philosophy:
This foundational name repeats to reinforce that God is the ground of confidence - not blind faith but grounded certainty. Each repetition invites deeper trust. The placement throughout the Sahasranama suggests that as understanding deepens, faith transforms from belief to knowing - Pratyaya as experiential certainty replacing conceptual faith.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (12.2) praises those with faith (shraddha) fixed on the Supreme as most established in yoga - showing Pratyaya as the foundation. The Ramayana demonstrates this when Hanuman leaps to Lanka - his certainty (pratyaya) in Rama's power enabled the impossible jump. The Bhagavata Purana describes how the gopis' absolute certainty in Krishna allowed them to transcend social restrictions - Pratyaya as transformative conviction beyond mere belief.

शब्दार्थ:
सर्वदर्शनः

अर्थ:
सर्व काही पाहणारा.

विवेचन:
सर्वांचे दर्शन घेणारा—सर्वकाही पाहणारा.कोणाचीही कृती, विचार, भावना त्याच्यापासून लपलेली नाही.भक्तांच्या मनातील लहानसा भावही त्याला स्पष्ट.कर्माच्या न्यायासाठी आवश्यक सर्वदृष्टी.सर्वज्ञ दैवी दृष्टी.

Meaning:
Sarvadarśanaḥ (सर्वदर्शनः) – The All-Seeing One
From *prati* (toward) + *aya* (going); "He Who Is the Basis, the Very Ground of Cognition" — all knowledge, all certainty, and all understanding ultimately rest in Him as their foundation.
From *sarva* (all) + *darshana* (vision/seeing); "He Who Sees All Things" — His vision is omniscient, seeing all beings, all actions, all thoughts, across all time and all dimensions simultaneously.

Simple Meaning:
He who sees everything; the One with complete and perfect vision.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Sarvadarśanaḥ signifies the Divine as all-seeing and all-knowing. No action, thought, or emotion is hidden from Him. Even the smallest feeling in a devotee’s heart is clearly perceived. This universal vision ensures the just operation of karma and the moral order of the universe. His sight is not limited by space, time, or secrecy—He is the witness (sākṣī) of all.In the Bhagavad Gita (13.23), the Lord is described as the supreme witness and overseer (Upadraṣṭā). Similarly, Gita 7.26 declares that He knows all beings—past, present, and future—while none fully know Him.

Spiritual Message:
The Mahābhārata vividly demonstrates Sarvadarśanaḥ during the Kurukṣetra war. Though physically serving as Arjuna’s charioteer, Krishna was fully aware of every strategy, intention, and hidden thought on the battlefield. The revelation of His Universal Form (Viśvarūpa) in the Bhagavad Gita (Chapter 11) further shows countless eyes beholding all directions simultaneously—symbolizing His infinite and all-encompassing

शब्दार्थ:
अजः

अर्थ:
ज्याचा जन्म झालेला नाही.

विवेचन:
सत्य आणि ईश्वर जन्ममुक्त, शाश्वत आणि सर्वव्यापी आहेत.

Meaning:
Ajah (अजः) - The Unborn
From *a* (not) + *ja* (born); "The Unborn One" — He was never born and will never die; He exists prior to all birth and beyond all death.

Simple Meaning:
The one never born (repeated from #125)

Mythology / Philosophy:
This paradoxical name repeats to resolve the avatar mystery - how can the unborn be born? Each repetition deepens understanding that divine "births" are appearances, not origins. The Unborn voluntarily appears as born. The repetition teaches that our true Self (one with Aja) is also unborn - we ARE already, we don't BECOME through birth.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (4.6) explicitly addresses this paradox: "Though I am unborn (Aja) and My Self is imperishable, though I am the Lord of all beings, I appear through My own Maya (divine power)." The Bhagavata Purana describes Krishna's "birth" to Devaki - she saw the four-armed Vishnu form first, then the baby, showing the Aja appearing as born. The Katha Upanishad (1.2.18) teaches the Self is Aja, unborn, eternal - birth and death are body's experiences, not Self's reality.

शब्दार्थ:
सर्वेश्वरः

अर्थ:
सर्वांचा स्वामी.

विवेचन:
सर्व देवांचा, सर्व लोकांचा ईश्वर.संसारातील प्रत्येक सत्ता, प्रत्येक शक्ति त्याच्या अधीन.ईश्वरत्वाचे सर्वोच्च स्वरूप.त्रिलोकांचा सार्वभौम राजा.भक्तांसाठी सदैव उपलब्ध.

Meaning:
Sarveśvaraḥ (सर्वेश्वरः) - The Lord of All
From *sarva* (all) + *ishvara* (lord); "The Lord of All Lords" — supreme over every form of sovereignty, the ultimate ruler over all rulers.

Simple Meaning:
The supreme master of everything (repeated from #126)

Mythology / Philosophy:
This comprehensive lordship name repeats to prevent limiting God to certain domains while excluding others. Each repetition expands our understanding - first perhaps as cosmic lord, then universal lord, then lord of all possible universes. The repetition creates progressive realization that nothing whatsoever falls outside divine lordship.

Spiritual Message:
The Bhagavad Gita (10.42) summarizes this perfectly: "What need is there for all this detailed knowledge? With a single fragment of Myself, I pervade and support this entire universe" - showing Sarveśvara's effortless total lordship. The Bhagavata Purana (Canto 10, Chapter 14) contains Brahma's prayer acknowledging Krishna as Sarveśvara of infinite universes, each with its own Brahma - mind-expanding vision of complete lordship. The Isha Upanishad's opening verse declares all pervaded by Īśa (Lord) - the Sarveśvara principle.

शब्दार्थ:
सिद्धः

अर्थ:
जो स्वतःच सिद्ध (परिपूर्ण) आहे.

विवेचन:
पूर्णत्वाला पोहोचलेला—ज्याला काहीही साधायचे उरत नाही.सिद्ध याचा अर्थ—प्राप्त, सिद्ध, पूर्ण, परिपूर्ण.सिद्ध पुरुषांनाही जे न गाठता येईल असे त्याचे सिद्धत्व.सत्यस्वरूप सिद्धतत्त्व.परिपूर्णतेचा अवतार.

Meaning:
Siddhaḥ (सिद्धः) - The Perfect One
From *sidh* (to be accomplished, to be perfect); "The Perfectly Accomplished One" — He in Whom all perfections are eternally and completely present without any effort or attainment.

Simple Meaning:
The eternally accomplished (repeated from #127)

Mythology / Philosophy:
This perfection name repeats to contrast divine completeness with our incompleteness. God is already perfect (Siddha); we're becoming perfect (sādhaka). Yet the repetition also reveals we're seeking what already IS - perfection exists now, covered by ignorance. Each mention invites recognizing present perfection rather than future achievement.

Spiritual Message:
The Yoga Sutras (1.25) describe Īśvara (God) as eternally Siddha - untouched by afflictions, actions, or their results. The Bhagavata Purana shows this paradox beautifully - Krishna appearing to learn, grow, struggle, yet always already perfect. His "learning" weapons from guru Sandipani demonstrated respectful dharma, not actual need - the perfect Siddha honoring proper conduct. The Upanishads teach that realizing our Siddha nature (already perfect Self) is liberation, not achieving something new.

शब्दार्थ:
सिद्धिः

अर्थ:
जो यशाचे स्वरूप आहे.

विवेचन:
सिद्धी म्हणजे प्राप्ती—त्या सर्व सिद्धींचा आधार.योगसिद्धी, मनःसिद्धी, भक्तिसिद्धी—सर्व त्याच्याकडून.भक्ताला साधनेत यश देणारी दैवी शक्ति.सिद्धतेचे सर्वोच्च तत्त्व.अंतिम यशस्वरूप.

Meaning:
Siddhiḥ (सिद्धिः) – The Embodiment of Success and Fulfillment
Directly, "He Who Is Perfection Itself, the Very Goal of All Achievement" — not just accomplished but the very principle of accomplishment; all *siddhis* (spiritual perfections) flow from Him.

Simple Meaning:
He who is the very form of attainment; the source of all success and perfection.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Siddhiḥ means accomplishment, realization, or spiritual perfection. All forms of attainment—yogic powers (yoga-siddhi), mental mastery (manaḥ-siddhi), and devotional fulfillment (bhakti-siddhi)—rest upon Him. He is the divine force that grants success in spiritual practice and righteous endeavors. This name teaches that true success is not merely worldly achievement, but alignment with the Divine will. He is the highest principle of completion and ultimate fulfillment. In the Bhagavad Gita (10.41), Krishna declares that all glorious achievements arise from a fraction of His splendor. In Gita 18.14–16, He explains that the Supreme is the ultimate factor behind all actions and their results—affirming Him as the foundation of every success.

Spiritual Message:
The Mahābhārata illustrates Siddhiḥ when Arjuna attains victory not by skill alone, but through Krishna’s guidance and grace. Similarly, sages performing intense austerities achieve spiritual powers only when blessed by the Lord. The Purāṇas consistently show that devotion to Him leads to the highest siddhi—moksha (liberation), the supreme and eternal attainment.

शब्दार्थ:
सर्वादिः

अर्थ:
सर्वांचे मूळ.

विवेचन:
संपूर्ण विश्वाची उत्पत्ती आणि विकासाचा मूळ स्रोत ईश्वर आहे.

Meaning:
Sarvādiḥ (सर्वादिः) – The Beginning of All
From *sarva* (all) + *aadi* (beginning, origin); "The Origin and Beginning of All Things" — the first of all, the source from which every being and every principle takes its rise.

Simple Meaning:
He who is the origin of everything; the primal source of all existence.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Sarvādiḥ teaches that the entire universe—its creation, expansion, and evolution—arises from the Divine. Nothing exists independently of Him. He is the first cause (ādi-kāraṇa) behind all beings, elements, and cosmic principles. This name affirms that existence is not accidental but rooted in a supreme, conscious source.
In the Bhagavad Gita (10.8), Krishna declares, “I am the source of all; from Me everything proceeds.” Similarly, Gita 7.6 states that He is the origin and dissolution of the entire universe—establishing Him as both the beginning and foundation of all.

Spiritual Message:
The Purāṇas describe that at the dawn of creation, the Supreme Lord manifests the cosmic order, from which Brahmā emerges to further create the worlds and beings. Yet Brahmā himself originates from the Supreme. At cosmic dissolution (pralaya), everything returns to Him, only to emerge again in the next cycle—proving that He alone remains the eternal beginning of all that exists.

शब्दार्थ:
अच्युतः

अर्थ:
जो कधीही आपल्या स्वरूपापासून ढळत नाही.

विवेचन:
च्युत' म्हणजे ढळणे. ज्याचा कधीही नाश होत नाही आणि जो आपल्या गुणांपासून कधीही विचलित होत नाही, तो अच्युत.

Meaning:
Achyutah (अच्युतः) - The Infallible
From *a* (not) + *chyuta* (fallen, slipped, declined); "The Unfallen One, He Who Never Slips" — He never falls from His supreme position, never declines in any of His infinite qualities; eternally complete and perfect.

Simple Meaning:
He who never falls or fails; the unfailing, imperishable one.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Acyuta represents absolute reliability - what He promises, He fulfills; what He is, He remains; what He protects, stays protected.

Spiritual Message:
The name Acyuta powerfully appears in the Mahabharata and the Bhagavad Gita. Arjuna addresses Krishna as “Acyuta” at the beginning of the Gita (1.21), acknowledging Him as the unfailing Lord even while serving as a charioteer.

When Draupadī was being disrobed in the royal assembly, she cried out, “He Govinda! He Acyuta!”—invoking His unfailing nature. Her faith was justified: her garment became endless, and her honor was protected.Similarly, in the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 8), when Gajendra the elephant was seized by a crocodile and called out to the Supreme Lord in surrender, the unfailing Acyuta appeared immediately and delivered him.The teaching is profound: worldly supports may fail—wealth disappears, power fades, relationships break—but Acyuta never fails. For devotees, this name represents ultimate spiritual security. When all else collapses, the unfailing Lord remains eternally dependable.

शब्दार्थ:
वृषाकपिः

अर्थ:
जो धर्माचा आणि वराह रूपाचा आधार आहे.

विवेचन:
ईश्वर किंवा अवतार धर्माचे रक्षण आणि न्यायाची स्थापना करण्यासाठी सर्वस्व देतो.

Meaning:
Vrishaakapih (वृषाकपिः) – The Upholder of Dharma and the Boar Manifestation
From *vrisha* (dharma/righteousness) + *kaapi* (one who scatters or who moves); "He Who Scatters Righteousness Everywhere" — or a reference to His form as Vrishakapi mentioned in the Rig Veda, the divine boar-like figure associated with cosmic fertility and dharma.

Simple Meaning:
He who is both the embodiment of Dharma (Vṛṣa) and the Divine Boar (Kapi/Varāha); the supporter of righteousness and the rescuer of the earth.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Vṛṣākapiḥ signifies the Lord who upholds dharma and takes powerful incarnations to protect it. He is both the principle of righteousness and the active force that defends it. When cosmic order is threatened, He does not remain passive—He manifests to restore justice.

Spiritual Message:
The Varāha (Boar) incarnation beautifully illustrates Vṛṣākapiḥ. As described in the Bhagavata Purana (Canto 3) and the Vishnu Purana, the demon Hiraṇyākṣa dragged the earth into the cosmic waters. The Lord incarnated as Varāha, dived into the depths, defeated the demon, and lifted the earth on His tusks—restoring balance and dharma.
This act symbolizes that whenever righteousness declines and injustice prevails, the Lord is willing to assume any form and exert all power necessary to re-establish moral order.

शब्दार्थ:
अमेयात्मा

अर्थ:
ज्याचे स्वरूप अथांग आहे.

विवेचन:
ज्याचे आत्मस्वरूप मोजता येत नाही—अप्रमेय.अनंत, असीम, पार न लागणारे तत्त्व.ज्ञानाने, ध्यानाने फक्त अनुभवता येतो—मोजमाप अशक्य.विश्वाचा प्रत्येक कण त्याच्यात व्यापलेला.अनुभवात येणारा पण कल्पनेत न मावणारा.

Meaning:
Ameyaatmaa (अमेयात्मा) – The Immeasurable Self
From *ameya* (immeasurable) + *atma* (self); "He Whose Self Is Immeasurable and Limitless" — His inner nature cannot be gauged, quantified, or bounded by any means.

Simple Meaning:
He whose true nature cannot be measured; the boundless and infinite Self.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Ameyātmā signifies the Infinite Reality that cannot be quantified, contained, or fully grasped by intellect. He is limitless, endless, and beyond all boundaries of space, time, and thought. Though experienced through devotion and realization, He cannot be confined by imagination or logic. Every particle of the universe exists within Him, yet He transcends it all.

Spiritual Message:
The Universal Form (Viśvarūpa) described in the Bhagavad Gita (Chapter 11) perfectly illustrates Ameyātmā. When Krishna revealed His cosmic form to Arjuna, countless worlds, beings, and divine manifestations were seen within Him—without beginning, middle, or end. Arjuna beheld infinite radiance extending beyond comprehension, demonstrating that the Lord’s true nature is immeasurable and beyond human calculation.

शब्दार्थ:
सर्वयोगविनिस्सृतः

अर्थ:
सर्व आसक्तींपासून मुक्त असलेला.

विवेचन:
संपूर्ण विश्वातील आसक्ती, मोह, इच्छापासून ईश्वर पूर्णपणे मुक्त आहे.

Meaning:
Sarva-yoga-vinissritah (सर्वयोगविनिस्सृतः) – The One Free from All Attachments
From *sarva* (all) + *yoga* (means of union, also bondage) + *vinissrita* (released from, free from); "He Who Is Free From All Bondage and Limitations" — while all others are bound by various conditions, He alone is absolutely free.

Simple Meaning:
He who is completely free from all bonds, associations, and attachments.

Mythology / Philosophy:
Sarvayogavinissṛtaḥ signifies that the Supreme Lord, though sustaining and pervading the entire universe, remains untouched by attachment, desire, or dependency. He creates, preserves, and dissolves the cosmos without personal need or emotional bondage. Unlike beings bound by karma and desire, He is eternally free, self-sufficient, and independent.
This aligns with the teaching of the Bhagavad Gita (9.9), where Krishna declares that actions do not bind Him, as He remains detached and unaffected by them.

Spiritual Message:
Throughout sacred narratives, even while ruling kingdoms, guiding devotees, or participating in worldly events, the Lord remains inwardly detached. In the Mahābhārata, Krishna actively engages in the affairs of the Pāṇḍavas, yet remains unattached to power, throne, or outcome—demonstrating perfect divine detachment. Thus, though present in all relationships, He is bound by none.